Introduction to Computer Graphics

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the field of computer graphics.

Computer Graphics

The creation and manipulation of visual images using computers, encompassing digital images, animations, and interactive graphics.

Raster Graphics

Image representation as a grid of pixels, commonly used in digital photography and web graphics.

Vector Graphics

Images created using mathematical equations and geometric shapes, allowing scalability without loss of quality.

William Alan Fetter

A graphic designer who coined the term 'Computer Graphics' and created the first computer-generated depiction of the human figure.

JPEG

A lossy image format that reduces file size by compressing data, commonly used for photos and web images.

PNG

A lossless image format supporting millions of colors, designed to replace GIF, and ideal for images requiring transparency.

GIF

A format allowing small image files with limited colors (256), often used for animations on the web.

TIFF

A lossless image format storing high-quality images without compression, suitable for printing.

HEIF

An image container format that supports high-efficiency video coding, ideal for various image compression needs.

Sketchpad

The first graphical user interface program developed by Ivan Sutherland, allowing users to draw shapes directly on a screen.

Digital Image

A representation of visual objects in a format that can be processed by a computer.

3D Modeling

The process of creating a three-dimensional representation of an object or scene.

Texturing

Applying images or patterns to the surfaces of 3D models to enhance detail and visual effect.

Lighting

Illuminating a 3D scene to create realistic or stylized visual effects.

Rendering

Generating a final image or animation from a 3D scene.

Animation

The process of creating movement and change over time in a 3D scene.

Shading

Defining how surfaces interact with light to create different materials and effects.

Compositing

Combining multiple images or layers to create the final image or animation.