PAULA PEREZ LOPEZ - Unit 4 Note Guide - 7719958. History 24-25

Militarism

The belief that a country must maintain a strong military; a cause of World War I.

Alliances

Agreements made between two or more countries to provide mutual support in times of war; examples include the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance.

Nationalism

A strong sense of pride in one's country, often leading to the belief that it is superior to others, a cause of World War I.

Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means; contributed to tensions leading to World War I.

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

The event that sparked World War I; he was the heir to the Austrian throne and was killed to provoke war with Austria-Hungary.

Lusitania

A British passenger ship sank by a German submarine in May 1915, killing 1,198 people including 128 Americans, which shifted American public opinion against Germany.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Germany's policy of sinking all ships, including neutral ones, in British waters; a factor that led the US to enter World War I.

Zimmermann Telegram

A secret communication from Germany proposing a military alliance with Mexico against the US; its interception led the US to declare war on Germany.

War Industries Board (WIB)

The main regulatory body that coordinated the production of war supplies during World War I.

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Laws that restricted free speech and civil liberties during WWI; these laws led to the prosecution of individuals opposing the war.

Schenck vs. United States

A Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act, ruling that free speech could be limited in times of war.

Great Migration

The mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North for better opportunities, occurring during and after WWI.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that officially ended World War I and imposed heavy reparations on Germany.

Wilson’s Fourteen Points

President Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace after WWI, outlining principles for preventing future conflicts.

League of Nations

An international organization established by the Treaty of Versailles to promote peace, but the US never joined.

Red Scare of 1919 - 1920

A period of intense fear of communism in the US, leading to widespread suspicion of leftist groups.

Palmer Raids

Government actions to arrest and deport suspected radicals during the Red Scare.

Sacco and Vanzetti

Two Italian anarchists who were controversially convicted of murder in the 1920s, highlighting anti-immigrant sentiments.

Immigration Act of 1924

Legislation establishing strict quotas that limited immigration from southern and eastern Europe, reflecting anti-immigrant sentiments.

Consumerism

The preoccupation with the acquisition of material goods that flourished in the 1920s.

Prohibition

The legal prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the US.

Harlem Renaissance

A cultural, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, New York, in the 1920s, highlighting African American culture.

Causes of the Great Depression

Included overproduction, underconsumption, financial speculation, and the 1929 stock market crash.

New Deal

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's programs aimed at providing relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression.