Pharm GI system

Class, IFU, and MOA

Prokinetic Agents

Prokinetic Agents

MOA: Increases peristalsis (contractions) in the GI tract. Increases the pressure closing the esophageal sphincter = prevents acid reflux. Increases the rate the stomach empties

IFU: GERD

Bowel Avacuants

MOA: Increases the osmolarity of bowel contents thus drawing large amounts of water into the intestines and promoting peristalsis and elimination.

IFU: GI Pre-op preparation, Constipation

Osmotic Laxatives

MOA: Draws water into the colon and stimulates evacuation of bowel contents. Also softens the stool by adding water to colon contents.

IFU: Constipation

Saline Laxatives

MOA: Causes retention of fluids in the colon which causes the colon to stretch and increases peristaltic activity.

IFU: Constipation

Antiflatulents

MOA: Reduces the surface tension of gas bubbles causing them to break or turn into a foam that can be eliminated easily by burping or passing flatus.

IFU: Excessive internal gas, Bloating, Post-op gas pains

Antidiarrheal Agents

MOA: Slows peristalsis of GI muscles. Slower transit time allows for improved water absorption in the colon

IFU: Diarrhea

Antiemetics

MOA: Increases peristalsis (contractions) in the GI tract. Increases the pressure the esophageal sphincter = prevents vomiting. Increases the rate the stomach empties

IFU: Nausea & Vomiting

Gallstone Dissolution Agent

MOA: Bile acid that dissolves gallstones. Reduces the amount of cholesterol produced by the liver and absorbed by the intestines to prevent the formation of additional stones

IFU: Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

Pancreatic Enzymes

MOA: Mimics the action of pancreatic enzymes. Breaks down food in the small intestines to facilitate the absorption of nutrients

IFU: Malabsorption syndrome, Pancreatic insufficiency

H. Pylori Agents

MOA: Kills H. Pylori bacteria, neutralizes stomach acid and/or decreases acid production

IFU: Helicobacter Pylori infections, Peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori, Gastritis, Gastric cancer

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)

MOA: The enzyme Hydrogen-Potassium ATPase in the stomach maintains the acidity of gastric secretions. PPIs block this enzyme and reduce stomach acidity

IFU: GERD, Esophagitis, Gastritis, Hypersecretory conditions

H2-Receptor Antagonists

MOA: Blocks the release of gastric acid from stomach cells by attaching to histamine receptors that trigger the release of HCL acid

IFU: Peptic Ulcers, GERD

Antacids

MOA: Neutralize acidic stomach contents

IFU: Peptic Ulcers, GERD, acid indigestion