Solutions Part 4

What is Henry’s law

the vapour pressure exerted by a gas dissolved in a solvent at constant temperature is proportional to the mole fraction of the gas

henry’s law equation (in data sheet)

whats the effect on the solubility when temp increases and why

solubility of most gases decrease due to the tendancy for the gas to expand

what does henry’s law apply to

gases that are only soluble in solution

how can you increase solubility

if gas molecules are incorporated into the interior of micelles

what are the three binary liquid mixtures

• immisicble

• partially miscible

• completely miscible

what happens if a binary liquid mixture is immiscible (3)

• no solution is formed

• the gibbs phase rule

• temprature and concentration can be varied without necessarily changing the number of phases

what happens if a binary liquid mixture is partially miscible

the number of phases can either be miscible or immiscible

what happens if a binary liquid mixture is completely miscible 3

• a solution is formed

• 3 degrees of freedom

• T P and C can be varied

what are the three different types of phase behaviour for partially miscible systems

• solubilty increases with an increase in temprature

• solubility decrease with a decrease in temprature

• high solubility only at a low or high temp

what is a saturated solution called

a conjugate pair

what happens when you alter the concentration of phenol in water and increase the temprature

the two phases will become 1 phase

what is the upper critical solution temprature

highests temprature at which phase seperatiion occurs

above the upper critical solution temperature what happens

the two components are fully miscible

why does the upper critical solution temp exist

as the greater thermal motion overcomes any potential energy advantage in molecules of one type being close together

what happens at a lower critical solution temprature

they mix in all proportions and they form two products

why are the two components more miscible at a low temprature

they form a weak complex

why are the two components less miscible at a higher temp

complex breaks up