DISS: Lesson 1 Counseling -4th Prelim exam

Wide range of human problems

Creates a widened scope and field for counseling

Scope of counseling

•Individual counseling

•Marital counseling

•Premarital counseling

•Family counseling

•Community counseling

Counseling

Broad concept with diverse meaning and goals

Counseling is necessary in almost every aspect of Person’s life

•Cognitive

•Behevioral

•Systemic

•Social

•Psychological

•Goal oriented

•Issue centered process

•Trust

The every aspect of person’s life also applied to

•Individual

•Groups

•Family

Individual counseling issues

•Depression

•Sexual abuse

•Anxiety

•Gender ( ex. gender inequality, child marriage, gender based-violence and others.)

•Relationships

•Spirituality

•Ideology

•Adolescent issues

•loss

•Anger

•Issue

•Vocation

Family counseling issues

•Divorce

•Family dynamics

•Transitions in life

•Miscommunication

•Jealousy

•Money matters

•Parenting

•Remarriage

licensed professional counselors may work for fee, salary and others considerations:

1. Afford counseling services to individuals, groups, organizations, or the general public, comprising of: application of clinical counseling principles, methods, or procedures to assist individuals in realizing effective personal, social, educational, or career development and adjustment.

2. "Apply clinical counseling principles, methods, and procedures" means an approach to counseling that emphasizes the counselor's role in sys-tematically assisting clients through all of the following: assessing and analyzing emotional conditions, exploring possible solutions, and devel-oping and providing a treatment plan for mental and emotional adjust-ment or development. It may include counseling, appraisal, consulting, supervision, administration, and referral.

3. Engage in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders when under the supervision of a professional clinical counselor, psychologist, psychiatrist, independent marriage and family therapist, or independent social worker.

4. Provide training and supervision for students and registered counselor trainees when services are within their scope of practice, which does not include supervision of the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders.

45757-15 scope of practice for licensed professional counselors

It contains the rights and responsibilities of licensed counselors

Two types of anxiety

•Normal anxiety

•Neurotic anxiety

Normal anxiety

This refers to the typical anxiety that everyone experiences from time to time, often in response to stress or challenging situations. It's a natural reaction to things like exams, job interviews, or big life changes. Normal anxiety usually subsides once the stressor is gone, and it doesn't interfere significantly with a person’s daily functioning.

Neurotic anxiety

This term is often used to describe a more intense, Irrational, chronic, or disproportionate anxiety response that may be persistent and not always linked to a specific stressor. People with neurotic anxiety might experience excessive worry or fear about things that are not particularly threatening. This kind of anxiety can lead to avoidance behaviors or obsessive thinking, and it often interferes with daily functioning, relationships, and work. Neurotic anxiety can sometimes be part of conditions like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), or other anxiety-related disorders.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

involves excessive, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of life,

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or rituals (compulsions) to reduce anxiety.

Core values and ethical principles of counseling

The way we perceive or view things, people, events, and our environment, is influenced by our values. Our analysis and position on certain issues are based on our values. Our do's and don'ts and our bottomlines are results of what our values dictate. In other words, values indicate what we believe in-what is important to us. We behave in certain ways because this is what our values tell us.

Gibson and Mitchell (2003)

Pointed out that these individuals who do not know their values usually get involved in destructive, ferocious, and insignificant actions. In counseling, it is essential that the counselor's comprehend the values of their client in order to accompany them appropriately.

McLeod (2003)

He founders of humanistic psychology, including Maslows and Rogers, highlighted the importance of value. In counseling, ethics, and moral issues are closely connected to values. Actions must be based on vigilant, insightful thoughts and reflective thoughts based on the ethical principles of counseling.

Ethical principles of counseling

•Autnonomy of individuals

•Principle of nonmalefiecence

•Principle of justice

•Principle of fidelity

Autononomy of individuals

Based on the right to freedom of action and freedom of choice in so far as the pursuit of these freedom does not interfere with the freedom of others counseling cannot happen unless the client has made a free choice to participate personal autonomy is not a simple one and is not sufficient as a guide to action and good practice in all circumstances.

Principle of Nonmaleficence

This refers to instructions to all helpers or healers that they must, above all, do no harm "beneficence" refers to the order to promote human welfare both nonmaleficence and beneficence occur in the prominence in codes of practice that counselors must warrant that they are trained to an appropriate level of competence, that they must monitor and maintain their competence through supervision, consultation, and training, and they must work only within the limits of their competence one of the areas of concern is the riskiness of the therapeutic technique; the principle of autonomy might suggest that if the client has given informed consent for the intervention to take place, then the client has the responsibility for the consequences moral dilemmas like beneficence are often resolved by recourse to utilitarian ideas; it might depend on whether it could be predicted that, on balance, the benefits of the therapy outweighed the costs and risks.

Principle of Justice

Concerned with the fair distribution of resources and services, unless there is some acceptable reason for treating them differently for counseling, the principle has particular relevance to the question of access commitment to be fair goes beyond that of the ordinary person; in view of the agreement to promote worth and dignity of each individual, counselors are required to be concerned with equal treatment for all individuals (Kitchener 1984, as cited in McLeod 2003)

Principle of Fidelity

Shares in the presence of loyalty, reliability, dependability, and action in good faith the rule of confidentiality reveals the importance of fidelity; entering into a contract means to stay with the client and give the case his/her efforts

General moral theories

The BACP Ethical Framework for Good Practice, drawing on virtues perspective also identified a set of personal qualities that all practitioners should possess: empathy, sincerity, integrity, resilience, respect, humility, compe-tence, fairness, wisdom, and courages.