Ecology and Classification Overview (BIO)

Who devised the binomial system of naming organisms?

Carl Linnaeus.

What are the two parts of a species name in the binomial system?

generic name and specific name

What is the hierarchy of biological classification from broadest to most specific?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

What are the kingdoms of living organisms?

Plants, vertebrate animals, invertebrate animals, fungi, bacteria, and protista.

What is taxonomy?

the study of biological classification

What is the significance of DNA sequencing in classification?

It has led to reclassification based on similarities and differences in DNA sequences.

What are the three domains of life according to Carl Woese?

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota.

What type of environments do Archaea inhabit?

Extreme environments, such as extreme temperatures and acidity.

What is a biotic factor?

a living factor within an ecosystem, such as food, competition, and predators

What is an abiotic factor?

A non-living factor in the environment, such as pH, temperature, and moisture levels.

What are some examples of biotic factors affecting animal populations?

Availability of food, new predators, and interspecific competition.

What do animals compete for?

food, territory and mates

What are some factors that plants compete for?

Light, water, and minerals.

What is the role of hyphae in fungi?

grow underground and are involved in reproduction via spores.

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

they dont have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What is the cell wall composition of bacteria?

Peptidoglycan (sugar/protein).

What is the cell wall composition of fungi?

chitin

What does 'phile' and 'phobe' mean in biological terms?

to like, to not like

What is the significance of the food chain in ecology?

it shows the flow of energy through different organisms

What is the definition of variation in biological terms?

Differences within or between species.