Pathology of the Ovaries

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the pathology of the ovaries, providing a study aid for exam preparation.

Ovary

Paired, almond-shaped structures located one on each side of the uterus.

Anteflexed

A position of the uterus where it bends forward, often affecting the location of the ovaries.

Endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus that thickens and sheds during the menstrual cycle.

Corpus luteum

A temporary endocrine structure in the ovaries involved in the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy.

Follicular cyst

A fluid-filled sac that forms on the ovary when the dominant follicle does not release its egg.

Menopausal atrophy

The process in which ovarian follicles disappear and the ovaries shrink post-menopause.

Ovarian volume

The size of the ovary, which can indicate normal or abnormal states based on measurements.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

A condition characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in the ovaries and hormone imbalances.

Endometriosis

A disorder where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, often causing pain and fertility issues.

Ovarian torsion

A condition that occurs when the ovary twists on its pedicle, reducing blood flow and causing pain.

Doppler ultrasound

An imaging technique used to measure blood flow to and from the ovaries and other organs.

Serous cystadenoma

A common benign ovarian tumor characterized by the presence of serous fluid.

Granulosa cell tumor

A type of neoplasm that arises from the sex cord of the ovary, often producing estrogen.

Mucinous cystadenoma

A type of benign ovarian tumor lined with mucinous tissue, potentially large and multilocular.

Functional cysts

Cysts that develop from normal ovary function, including follicular and corpus luteum cysts.

Trophoblastic disease

A condition associated with abnormal growth of cells inside a woman's uterus during pregnancy.

Krukenberg tumor

A metastatic ovarian tumor that typically arises from gastrointestinal tract cancers.