Chapter 8: Laser, Light Energy, and Radiofrequency Therapy

What term refers to the vaporization, cutting, or removal of a portion of epidermis and/or dermis?

Ablation

What do photons do?

travel at the speed of light in the form of a wave

What term refers to light energy that is "in phase"?

Coherent light

What aspect of a laser determines the type of chromophore with which the light will react?

Color

What is NOT one of the common chromophores in the body?

Lymph

What is NOT one of the four tissue effects of lasers?

Collection

What type of surface poses the greatest potential safety hazard when using lasers?

Flat and smooth

What is the most commonly-reported hazard for those working with laser devices?

Eye injuries

What are lasers usually named in reference to?

Their medium

What term refers to the energy of a pulsed laser beam?

Fluence

Thermal relaxation time is the amount of time necessary for a chromophore to lose ________ percent of the heat produce by the laser.

More then 50

What unit is measurement is used to measure energy fluence in pulsed lasers?

joule

What term refers to the rate of energy being delivered to tissue by a laser light source?

Power density

what body determines who can use a specific type of radiation-emitting electronic device?

State regulatory agency

What term is used to refer to the entire laser apparatus used in a health care facility?

Health care laser system (HCLS)

What statement about the door to the laser room is correct?

It should be close but unlocked whenever the laser is in use

What effect can the lens in the eye have on a laser's energy

Magnify its intensity by as much as 100,000 times

Most laser eyewear has an optical density level of ________ for visible and infrared wavelengths of light.

4 to 8

What statement about operating laser equipment is correct?

You should document all problems with the devices in you service records

What should clients do during laser treatments to help prevent a fire?

Refrain from placing anything between the laser device an area of treatment

What is NOT one of the administrative practices mandated by American National Standards Institute (ANSI)?

Conducting monthly competency skills checks of the laser-trained staff

What happens to cells when they undergo a photothermal tissue reaction?

They are destroyed

What is NOT one of the purposes for which CO2 and Er:YAG laser were traditionally used?

hair removal

What is the average surface coverage per treatment when using a Fraxel laser to treat photo-aging or acne scarring?

20 percent

What is one the main factors to consider when determining whether photomechanical laser therapy is appropriate for a client?

Client's tendency for wound healing

What are Q-switched laser commonly used for?

Treating pigmented lesions

What is a diode laser with a wavelength of 800 nm used for?

Hair removal

What type of laser is commonly used to treat vascular and pigmented lesions?

Pulsed dye

What are Alexandrite Q-switched lasers commonly used for?

Tattoo removal

What is a quality of intense pulse light (IPL)?

Polychromatic

When should double and triple pulses be used when using IPL?

When treating pigmented lesions

What is NOT a method of skin cooling used with IPL?

Submerging the treatment area in water durning treatment

What term refers to a current that flows on a path of least resistance between positive and negative electrodes placed at opposite ends?

Bipolar radiofrequency

What type of LED is using for treating hyperpigmentation?

Green, 525 nm+ 10nm

What is NOT a benefit of LE rejuvenation?

Stimulation of hair follicles