English Neoclassicism to late 19th Century

Sublime

inspires feels of awe mixed with terror

Romanticism starts due to…

• a desire for freedom

• freedom through imagination

• feeling > reason

Neoclassicism origin

• Rome

• 1750-1830

Neoclassicism starts due to…

• Pushback on Baroque and Rococo

• Excavations of Pompeii, archeology

• Age of Enlightenment

Neoclassicism traits

• simplicity

• Reason

• Order

• Civilized society

• Serious, symmetry, heroic

exemplum virtutis

example or model of virtue

Neoclassicism thoughts about art

• art is not about pleasure, instead a call for morality and political action

• looked at Rococo as immoral/ stupid

• a combo between nostalgic past, but also the emotions of the French Revolution.

The Death of Marat

• Jacques-Louis David

• neo

• posture inspired by lamentation

• Marat gets a letter one day from a woman about French Rev, she's a part of royalty and stabs him

The Birth of Venus

• William-Adolphe Bouguereau

• neo

• contraposto

• very idealized

Grande Odalisque

• Jean-Auguste-Dominique-Ingres

• neo

• serpentine figure

• orientalism- exotic accessories

• very unproportional

Portrait of Madeleine

• Marie-Guillemine Benoist

• neo

• unusual- thought Marie was making a statement- not true

• thought that Marie did it for clout

• a woman staring in space and looks uncomfortable

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery

• Joseph Wright of Derby

• neo

• group portrait of studying

• everyone has different expressions

• different faces represent all phases of moon

Wanderer above the Sea of Fog

• Casper David Friedrich

• romanticism

• ex. of sublime- figure in the center (rear view) and rocks are forming a triangle- hierarchy

• atmospheric perspective

Liberty Leading the People

• Eugene Delacroix

• romanticism- orientalism

• liberty depicted as female

• two men on side- poor and rich united

• liberty is powerful and dangerous

main painters of romanticism

• Jean-Leon Gerome

• Eugene Delacroix

late 19th century starts due to…

• rejection of romanticism in favor of the ordinary and observable world

• reinforced by the intro of photograph, each movement will try to capture something evident from reality

• industrialization

"The Stone Breakers"

• Gustave Courbet

• realism

• 2 guys same class dif age - kid will do this his whole life

• "In labor such as this ones life begins that way and ends the same way"

"Impression, Sunrise"

• Claude Monet

• impressionism

• gives impressionists their name

• industrialization

Olympia

• Manet

• impressionism

• influenced by Venus of Urbino

• woman and cat have an attitude

Lunch on the grass

• Manet

• impressionism

• women is nude while eating - objectification

Degas

• paints girls - doing ballet

• thinks he's capturing what it's like to be a girl

Mary Cassatt

• What it ACTUALLY meant to be a girl

• tenderness

Renoir

people in the outdoors coming together

Main impressionists

-Monet

-Degas

-Renoir

-Manet

Main Post-Impressionists

-Cezanne

-Gaugin

-Van Gogh

-Seraut

"Starry Night"

• Vincent van Gogh

• post imp

• fragile mental state- painted to cope

• painted this while he was in the asylum

• big thing in painting is a tree only in cemeteries- knew he was gonna die

• impasto- influenced by impressionism

Cezanne

rejected atmospheric perspective- used blocks of paint and colors to create depth

Seraut

• you did not need to blend to make - put pure colored dots next to each other to create

Gaugin

• French

• depressed

• learned new customs in Tahiti

Aestheticisim

art should not really be about ethics, but art should exist to be visually appealing and morality has nothing to do with it. "Art for Art's Sake"

Decadent Movement

• art should be appreciated on its own and should not be connected to politics, religion, and morality

• overlaps with aestheticism

Charles Baudelaire

wrote Flowers of Evil

Symbolism

Art should come from emotions, dreams, visions

Realism

working class, rural life (Courbet)