apeuro horner medieval europe

feudalism

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

manorialism

Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land

rome is now (during medieval europe)

rural, local, and Christian

barbarians

pride in the family and in war

rome is the capitol of

the papal states

battle at tours

European armies defeat Muslim armies and stop the spread of Islam in Europe

charlemagne

largest empire since rome, holy roman empire, crowned on christmas day

charlemagnes acheivements

ancient learning of arts (aachen), createn of new coinage, and conquest of the barts

vassal

A knight who promised to support a lord in exchange for land

confederation

A joining of several groups for a common purpose

great chain of being phrase

its a chain not a ladder

if you violate the chain of being you violate...

God

chain of being order

God, angels, //// humans, animals, plants

heaven

perfect, eternal

earth

sin, change, imperfection

heirarchy on earth

those who pray, those who fight, those who work

third estate

poor, peasents and serfs

corvee

obligation labor owed to lord

tithe

10% tax owed to the church

1/3 of land is fallow

exhausted soil, no plants

2/3 of feilds are harvested

common pasture, keep goats, ANYTHING ALIVE IS PROPERTY OF THE LORD

escape clause

run away to the city "city air makes you free", 1 yr and 1 day in town then released

nuclear family

Mother, father and children living as a unit, western europe

extended families

Households made up of several generations, eastern europe

the family economy

socialized togehter and worked together

charivari

humiliates publicly the transgressor and transgression, ritualized

carnival

day or week before lent

feast/festival of fools

within church hierarchy, january 1

second estate

those who fight

privlage

behavior and expectaitons differ to estates

sumptury rules

more power = nicer clothes, and others are restricted

first estate

those who pray

worldly pleasures

family, sex, and marriage

church of st.peter

first church

great schism

eastern part refuses supremicy of the pope in the west

plenitudo potestatis

fullness of power

church orders

fransiscan, marists, augustinians

open feild system

monestarys not manors (when the clergy used it)

original sin

deficit at birth

treastury of merit

Christs sacrifice saves us

orthopraxic

good works

orthodoxic

think

concs

on the way to santiago de compostella

tympanum

the space enclosed by a lintel and an arch over a doorway

7 deadly sins

lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, pride

accretions

purgatory, indulgences, confession, pilgramage, veneration of the saints

guidence to faith

bible, pope, church councils and history

beniface viii

pope in 1300

st thomas aquinus

thomism, scholasticism

blood letting

getting rid of excess fluid to "cure" disease

flying butresses

stone supports that stood outside the church

sainte-chapelle

almost completely stained glass

the crusades

4 of them, in the holy land to libarate from the Muslims

4th crusade

they get lost and sacked constantinople

the middle ages were...

the age of faith

what is not included on the chain

artisans

guild

organization of crafts workers or trades people

crisis of the 14th century

war, collapse of religious authority, peasent revolts

100 years war

England vs. France; France won; Joan of Arc unified France and won it for them

after the battle of hastings the next successful cross chanel invasion was

d-day

anglo-norman world

more capitol ot london

magna carta

limited kings power, all taxes required consent of the council, kings are not above the law

primogeniture

goes to first born son

salic law

crown not to women

battle of crecy

english brought peasents with longbow (violated chain)

joan of arc

dresses as a man, burned at the stake for heresy charges

wars of the roses

struggle for the English throne between the house of York (white rose) and the house of Lancaster (red rose) ending with the accession of the Tudor monarch Henry VII

new monarchys of the 15th century

isabelle and ferdinand, henry VII, Charles VII, and ivan III and Ivan IV (ivan the terrible)

avignon papacy

the western schism

millennialism

belive the world is about to end

flagellent

hit with ropes with knots to imitate Christ

friction between pope and king

pope beniface viii and king philip iv

plenitudo postatus

fullness of power

council of nicea

first meeting of christan bishops, uniform nicene creed

marsilus of padua

rejected plenitudo potestatius

caesaropapism

should be run by kings

conciliarism

should be run by councils

petrine supremicy

should be run by popes

papal bull

A decree from the pope

clericos laicos

forbids secular states from appropriating church revenue

unum sanctum

the pope is temporal and spiritual

philip arrests the pope to

avignon

avignon

papcy in new location, no pope in rome

western schism

three popes: clement vii, urban vi, alexander v; united under martin v

after western schism

rise of conciliarism,rise of personal faith,rise of personal faith, secular power, rise of humanism

gerard groote

bretheren of the common life

asceticism

deny pleasure and luxury

devorio moderna

religious reform

thomas a kempis

wrote the Imitation of Christ

great famine

A terrible famine in 1315-1322 hit much of Europe after a period of crop failure

relative decline

not an absolute decline, in relation to the other line on the graph

anthropophagia

canabalism

infanticide

killing children and infants

parricide

killing of parents

grimms fairytales

german folk stories that ended with death (ex: hansel and gretel, little red ridding hood)

the plauge

recurring episodes; spread by silk road trade exports and black rats with fleas

bubonic

bubos round glands, cysts of liquid, when popped left huge hole (can recover)

pneumonic

no visual sign, bubos inside of body (lungs), when popped the lungs would drown (no recover)

holy roman empire was worst hit by the

plauge

the plague also brought

religious conviction and skepticism