What is phlebotomy?
The process of drawing blood
What does blood transport?
oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and waste products
What are the steps of phlebotomy?
Gather the equipment, prep the pt, find the vein, disinfect site, draw blood, fill tube, complete procedure,
How do you properly verify a draw order?
Obtain the providers order, verify the order to determine what test will be done, verify the identity of the patient, understand the order.
What is the first thing a CMA should do prior to performing a venipuncture procedure
Verify compliance
What type of patients do you use a butterfly needle on?
Pediatric and Geriatric patients
What does a tourniquet do?
applies pressure, limits blood flow.
Where is a tourniquet applied?
3-4 inches above the puncture site
how long should you leave a tourniquet on?
no more than 60 sec
If the tourniquet is left on longer than a min, what is caused?
hemoconcentration
what is the length of a blood draw needle
1 to 1 1/2
length for butterfly needle
1/2 to 3/4
gauge of blood draw needle
21-23 G
CLSI stands for
Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute
chemistry blood draw
determines a persons general health status
hematology
study of the blood and blood diseases
basic metabolic panel
Provides information about the current state of the kidneys, electrolyte and acid base balance, blood sugar, and calcium levels
comprehensive metabolic panel
check status of a persons liver and important blood proteins
electrolyte panel
blood test to measure the amount of sodium, potassium, chloride, and carbon dioxide in the blood
lipid profile
blood test used to measure the amount and type of lipids in a sample of blood
liver panel
used to detect disease or damage of liver
renal panel
evaluates kidney function
thyroid function panel
evaliates the thyroid gland function and assist in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders
CBC (complete blood count)
aids in diagnosing anemia cancers of the blood inflammatory diseases and monitors blood loss and infection
yellow
sterile
light blue
sodium citrate
red
clot activator or no additive
tiger top
SST (serum separation tube)
green
heparin
lavender
EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)
gray
potassium oxalate
gray
sodium fluoride
Common Chemistry Panels
Basic Metabolic Panel
Comprehensive metabolic panel
Renal Panel
Liver panel
Thyroid function panel
Hemoconcentration
pooling of blood which can result in accurate blood test results
common supplies for phlebotomy
gloves
tourniquet
alcohol wipes
double pointed needle
blood collection tube
correct order for a draw...
yellow, light blue, red, tiger top or gold, green, lavender, gray
Hematology Labs
CBCC , WBC , RBC, Platelet court
Angle used for needle insertion?
15-30 angle
Test for Gray
Glucose testing, alcohol levels
test for red
Serum testing, organ panels, medication levels, and HIV testing
What are the three prominent veins used for blood draw
median cubital, cephalic, basilic
Why don't you use your thumb to feel the vein
The thumb has a pulse
What do you do to stop prolonged bleeding
Apply pressure for at least 5 minutes. If it does not stop, notify the provider
What causes a collapsed vein
Tourniquet may be too tight
When does hemolysis occur
When red blood cells have been ruptured