Phlebotomy

What is phlebotomy?

The process of drawing blood

What does blood transport?

oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and waste products

What are the steps of phlebotomy?

Gather the equipment, prep the pt, find the vein, disinfect site, draw blood, fill tube, complete procedure,

How do you properly verify a draw order?

Obtain the providers order, verify the order to determine what test will be done, verify the identity of the patient, understand the order.

What is the first thing a CMA should do prior to performing a venipuncture procedure

Verify compliance

What type of patients do you use a butterfly needle on?

Pediatric and Geriatric patients

What does a tourniquet do?

applies pressure, limits blood flow.

Where is a tourniquet applied?

3-4 inches above the puncture site

how long should you leave a tourniquet on?

no more than 60 sec

If the tourniquet is left on longer than a min, what is caused?

hemoconcentration

what is the length of a blood draw needle

1 to 1 1/2

length for butterfly needle

1/2 to 3/4

gauge of blood draw needle

21-23 G

CLSI stands for

Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute

chemistry blood draw

determines a persons general health status

hematology

study of the blood and blood diseases

basic metabolic panel

Provides information about the current state of the kidneys, electrolyte and acid base balance, blood sugar, and calcium levels

comprehensive metabolic panel

check status of a persons liver and important blood proteins

electrolyte panel

blood test to measure the amount of sodium, potassium, chloride, and carbon dioxide in the blood

lipid profile

blood test used to measure the amount and type of lipids in a sample of blood

liver panel

used to detect disease or damage of liver

renal panel

evaluates kidney function

thyroid function panel

evaliates the thyroid gland function and assist in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders

CBC (complete blood count)

aids in diagnosing anemia cancers of the blood inflammatory diseases and monitors blood loss and infection

yellow

sterile

light blue

sodium citrate

red

clot activator or no additive

tiger top

SST (serum separation tube)

green

heparin

lavender

EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)

gray

potassium oxalate

gray

sodium fluoride

Common Chemistry Panels

Basic Metabolic Panel

Comprehensive metabolic panel

Renal Panel

Liver panel

Thyroid function panel

Hemoconcentration

pooling of blood which can result in accurate blood test results

common supplies for phlebotomy

gloves

tourniquet

alcohol wipes

double pointed needle

blood collection tube

correct order for a draw...

yellow, light blue, red, tiger top or gold, green, lavender, gray

Hematology Labs

CBCC , WBC , RBC, Platelet court

Angle used for needle insertion?

15-30 angle

Test for Gray

Glucose testing, alcohol levels

test for red

Serum testing, organ panels, medication levels, and HIV testing

What are the three prominent veins used for blood draw

median cubital, cephalic, basilic

Why don't you use your thumb to feel the vein

The thumb has a pulse

What do you do to stop prolonged bleeding

Apply pressure for at least 5 minutes. If it does not stop, notify the provider

What causes a collapsed vein

Tourniquet may be too tight

When does hemolysis occur

When red blood cells have been ruptured