Year 10 Keywords - Unit 1 Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes covering religious studies topics.

Big Bang

Scientists believe that the universe began about 13,700 billion years ago. The universe continues to expand.

Bible

The sacred writings of the Christian religion, comprising the Old and New Testaments.

Conscience

The sense of right and wrong that governs a person's thoughts and actions.

Imago Dei

Made in the Image of God

Sanctity of Life

Life is precious and holy. Life is Sacred

Omnipotent

God is all powerful

Omniscient

God is all knowing

Omnibenevolent

God is all loving

Catholic

The largest Christian church. 1.27 billion Members worldwide. Headed by the Bishop of Rome, known as the Pope

Evangelical Christians

They believe in the Bible as God's inspired Word to humankind, It is the "final authority. They do not follow the Pope

Ex Nihilo

Latin phrase meaning "out of nothing". It often appears in conjunction with the concept of creation, meaning "creation out of nothing

Transcendent

God is beyond and outside the material world

Monotheism

Belief in one God

Literal Interpretation

Genesis describes exactly how the universe and human beings were created in 6 days.

Parable/Symbolic

Catholics regard these accounts as a story that God brought the universe and all that is in it into being. Catholics may might look to science to help them understand how God did this

Trinity

One god. Three natures. Father, son and holy spirit

Pentecost

Celebrated on the fiftieth day after Easter, commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and other followers of Jesus Christ while they were in Jerusalem

Parable of the Prodigal Son

In the story, a father has two sons. The younger son asks for his Inheritance and after wasting his fortune becomes destitute. It shows God the Father as forgiving.

Gifts of the Holy Spirit

Understanding, Wisdom, Knowledge, Right Judgement, Reverence, Awe & wonder (Fear of the Lord)

Virgin Birth

Belief that Jesus was conceived in the womb of his mother Mary through the Holy Spirit without the agency of a human father

Fruits of the Holy Spirit

love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, trustfulness, gentleness and self-control

Jesus the Savior

The redeemer of sin and saver of souls

Resurrection

When Jesus rose from the dead

Messiah

From the Greek Christos and is the equivalent of the Hebrew which means "anointed one"

Ascension

When Jesus went up to heaven. 40 days after resurrection

Incarnation

How Jesus became man. It is a combination of the Latin words "in" (same as our English definition) and "carnis" (meaning "flesh').

Salvation

Being saved from the consequences of sin by Jesus' death on the cross

Hypostatic Union

Refers to the Church teaching that the one person Jesus Christ had/has two natures, fully God/divine and fully human

Atonement

Jesus died on the cross (the Crucifixion) and in this way the broken relationship between God and humanity caused by sin was restored

Catholic Mass

The sacrifice of Jesus is re-presented and re-enacted. The Eucharist is the body of Christ

Eternal Life

Spiritual existence after death of the body

Heaven

The place, or state, in which souls will be united with God after death.

Hell

The place, or state, in which souls will be separated from God after death.

Soul

The spiritual part of a person that some people believe continues to exist in some form after their body has died

Redemption

Christians believe that a price had to be paid to save humanity from their sin. That price was the death and resurrection of Jesus

Morality

Concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior.

Original Sin

Everyone is born sinful. This means that they are born with a built-in urge to do bad things and to disobey God.

The Fall

Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden

Reason

The power of the mind to think, understand, and form judgements

5 Primary Precepts

W-Worship God O-live in an Ordered society R-Reproduce L-Learn D Defend the innocent

Good/Evil

___ is to be sought, avoided (Thomas Aquinas)

Immortality of the Soul

The ability to live forever, or eternal life.

Final Judgement

Immediately upon death each soul undergoes this and depending upon the state of the person's soul, goes to Heaven, Purgatory, or Hell

Parable of Wide/Narrow Gates

Jesus teaches about the road that leads to destruction, and many enter through it. But small is the road that leads to life, and only a few find it.

Parable of Sheep/Goats

Jesus teaches about the judgment of all people. People who treat others well will be rewarded

Greatest Commandment

'A new command I give you: love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another

Philia

Love of family

Eros

Sexual love. Marriage

Storge

Love of possessions

Agape

Unconditional love. Christian love

Parable of the Good Samaritan

A traveler who is stripped of clothing, beaten, and left half dead alongside the road. First a priest and then a Levite comes by, but both avoid the man.

Forgiveness

A conscious, deliberate decision to release feelings of resentment or vengeance toward a person or group who has harmed you

Seventy Times Seven

Peter came to Jesus and asked, 'Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother or sister who sins against me? Up to seven times?' Jesus answered, 'I tell you, not seven times, but …

Love Your Enemies

You have heard that it was said, "Love your neighbor and hate your enemy." But I tell you…who persecute you,

Debts/Debtors

Forgive us our…as we also have forgiven our…And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one.

Confession

Is the act of stating our sins to a priest.

Absolution

The words Jesus Christ speaks to us, through the priest - freeing us from our sins.

Contrition

Means that we are sorry for our sins, and we intend to try to do better. Expressed by saying a prayer called an "act of…"

Penance

Consists of prayers or particular actions the priest assigns to us to show our sorrow, and to make some amends for our actions.

Mortal Sin

The knowing and wilful violation of God's law in a serious matter, for example, adultery, murder.

Venial Sin

Less serious breaches of God's law. For example, gossip

Reconciliation

Turning back to God after sin

Camel/Needle

It is much harder for a rich person to enter the Kingdom of God than for a…to go through the eye of a… (Matthew 19:24)

Rich Man/Lazarus

The relationship, during life and after death, between an unnamed rich man and a poor beggar

Treasure-Heaven/Earth

Money and possessions will be worth nothing in the after life

Absolutism

There is a right course of action to take in a moral dilemma, which is true in all situations regardless of culture, religious tradition, time or age.

Relativism

Different courses of action might be needed in different situations.

Deontological

Focuses on the actions themselves being right or wrong

Teleological

Focuses on the consequences of outcomes of the actions being classed as right or wrong

Divine Command Theory

An act or action as good or bad, depending on whether it supports God's commands or not. For example, 10 commandments

Joseph Fletcher

A Christian ethicist who wrote the book 'Situation Ethics' in 1966.

Joseph Fletcher

A situational, or relative approach to decision making, focuses on the issue at hand and what the best outcome would be for those involved

Virtue Ethics

Ethical theory which is not so much interested in the question "What should I do?' but rather in the question 'what sort of person should I become?'

Aristotle

Greek Philosopher who was not so much interested in the question 'What should I do?' but rather in the question 'what sort of person should I become?'

Christian Virtues

Values which help lead a Christian life. Prudence, Fortitude Temperance, Justice

4 Cardinal Virtues

Prudence, Fortitude Temperance, Justice

Prudence

Being careful

Fortitude

Having courage

Temperance

Being modest

Justice

Being fair

3 Theological Virtues

Faith, hope, love

Magisterium

Teaching authority of the Church. It promises that the Holy Spirit is at work in all members of the Church and so it will never go astray, even if the people do

Parish

A stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a priest

Diocese

A district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the Christian Church

7 Sacraments

Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, and Marriage

Priest

A man who has been ordained by a bishop. He leads the parish. He visits the sick and visits schools. He celebrates the sacraments

Obligation

Catholics must worship God on Sunday and Holy Days of obligation by participating in the Holy Mass.

Sacrament

An outward sign of an inward grace

Sacrifice of the Mass

In the Eucharist Christ gives us the very body which he gave up for us on the cross, the very blood which He "poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

Transubstantiation

The conversion of the substance of the Eucharistic elements into the body and blood of Christ at consecration, only the appearances of bread and wine still remaining.

Real Presence

The belief that Jesus is really present in the Eucharist

Introductory Rite

The Entrance Procession of the priest. Sign of the Cross and Greeting

Penitential Rite

The confession and absolution at the beginning of Mass

Liturgy of the Word

Three readings: a reading from the Old Testament, a non-Gospel reading from the New Testament, and a reading from the Gospels

Liturgy of the Eucharist

We remember what Jesus did on the night before he died: he took bread and wine, gave them to his disciples, and said, "This is my body; this is my blood.

Concluding Rite

The dismissal of the people by the priest. "Go in peace to love and serve the Lord." Each member goes out to do good works, while praising and blessing God;

Living the Mass

Going to Mass means we should be practical Christians. Christians should take an active role in the community by helping others

Body of Christ

Paul's teaching about the Church

Evangelization

Proclamation of the Gospel in order to bring others to Christ and his Church.

The Great Commission

"Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you.