Debut: Colonization (1491-1607)

\

Taylor Swift Connection:

Debut was the first album released by Taylor Swift. This is the time of discovery in America, similarly to how Taylor was discovering her place within the music industry

\

First Americans:

How did they get here?

• Russia/China/Mongolia via Bering Straight—> Alaska
• Traveled on boats—> Evidence found in Chile

Characteristics:

• Nomadic-Followed food source/animals
  • Ex: Bison in Great Plains
• Tribes: Different societies/cultures/language/customs
  • Trade
  • War-Not Unified

Arctic/Subarctic:

• Tribes: Inuit
• Hunters/Fisherman

\

Southwest

• Tribes: Pueblo
• Farming/Agriculture
  • Maize: Corn

Great Plains

• Tribes:
  • Sioux
  • Wichita
• Nomadic Bison Hunters

Northeast (New England)

• Tribes:
  • Iroquois
  • Iroquois Confederacy: 5/6 Tribes Unified
  • Algonquin
• Agriculture/Fishing/Hunters/Gatherers

\

\

European Colonization

Exploration: What’s out there?

Colonization: Taking over and settling in an area

Spanish:

Where:

• Mexico
• Florida
• Central America
• Southwest United States
• Western South Americca

Impact:

• Encomienda System: Spanish crown grants land to conquistadores to enslave native population
  • Forced Labor System
  • Forceful Conversion to Christianity
  • “Mingling” with Natives—> Mestizo: New Ethnic group of Spanish and Native American
• 1680-Pueblo Revolt: Native American revolt against Spanish
  • Where: Santa Fe, New Mexico
  • Why: Native Americans wanted to practice their religion
  • Impact: Pueblo kick out Spanish for 12 years and when Spanish gain control again they are still allowed religious freedom

{{*Treaty of Tortesillas (1494): Pope divides “New World” between Portugal and Spain{{

• West: Spain
• East: Portugal

Portugal

People:

• Christopher Columbus (1492): Intoduced America to Europe

Where: Brazil

Impact:

• Enslavement of Native Population
  • Forced Labor
  • Spread of Smallpox-Killed Native People
  • Intermingling with Natives—> Zambo: ethnic group of Portuguese and Native American

Dutch:

Where:

• New York-New England
• New York City-New Amsterdam

Why: Economic Gain (Dutch Colonization = Money)

• Trade with Native Americans-Decent Relationship
• Industry:
  • Ship Building
  • Banks/mercantile centers

French:

Where:

• Canada
• Louisiana
• Ohio River Valley—>Tension with Britain

Fur Trade: Good Relationship with Native Americans

Impact:

• French Crown indifferent to colonial affairs
• Not many French people colonized America

English (Late to the Party):

1585: Roanoke, North Carolina

• First Attempt by British to colonize America
• Struggle: Hidden in an island and lacked supplies
• Failure: Went Missing
  • Theories:
  • Killed by Native Americans
  • Assimilation with Native Americans
  • Drowned trying to return to England

\
\
\