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Zoology Exam 3
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1
Hexapoda
A subphylum of Arthropoda characterized by organisms with six legs and three body regions (head, thorax, abdomen).
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2
Entognatha
A class of Hexapoda with mouthparts that are enclosed within the head capsule; examples include springtails.
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3
Insecta
The most diverse class of the Hexapoda, characterized by external mouthparts and usually two pairs of wings.
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4
Chitin
A carbohydrate that forms the exoskeleton of insects, providing rigidity and waterproofing.
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5
Metamorphosis
A biological process through which an insect transforms its body structure during developmental stages.
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6
Holometabolous metamorphosis
A type of metamorphosis where the organism undergoes a dramatic transformation from larva to pupa to adult.
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7
Exoskeleton
An external skeleton that supports and protects an organism's body; in insects, primarily made of chitin.
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8
Tracheal system
A network of tubes in insects that facilitates gas exchange, bringing oxygen directly to tissues.
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9
Pentaradial symmetry
A body plan often seen in echinoderms, where any one-fifth of the body has similar structures to the others.
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10
Echinodermata
A phylum of marine animals, characterized by a spiny endoskeleton and a unique water vascular system.
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11
Asteroidea
A class of echinoderms that includes sea stars, characterized by a central disc and tapering arms.
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12
Ophiuroidea
A class of echinoderms known as brittle stars, distinguished by their slender arms and lack of suckers on tube feet.
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13
Ecosystem
A community of living organisms and their interaction with the nonliving environment.
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14
Food web
A complex network of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem.
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15
Biogeochemical cycles
Natural cycles that involve the movement of elements and compounds through living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components.
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16
Cormorant
A type of bird that is often discussed in ecological studies due to its sensitivity to environmental changes.
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17
Ectothermic
Organisms that rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature.
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18
Anadromous
A term used for fish that migrate from saltwater to freshwater to spawn.
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19
Countercurrent exchange
A mechanism in fish gills allowing for efficient oxygen extraction from water.
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20
Vitellogenin
A protein produced by female fish to form egg yolk; its presence in males can indicate intersex conditions.
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