apes u4 test

The demographic transition model describes population change over time as a country becomes more developed. Age-structure diagrams describe how populations are distributed across age ranges. Which of the following age-structure diagrams best displays the age ranges in a country that is in stage 2 of the demographic transition?

An expansive pyramid age-structure diagram

A country is currently in the second stage of the demographic transition. Currently the country has a birth rate of 37.9 births per 1,000 individuals and a death rate of 13.4 deaths per 1,000 individuals. Which of the following changes would indicate that the country is moving from the second stage into the third stage of the demographic transition?

The birth rate declines to 25.3 births per 1,000 individuals.

Which of the following statements best describes why birth and death rates are changing in a country that is in Phase 2 of the demographic transition?

Individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water.

Which of the following density-independent factors can affect the size of a human population?

Heat Waves

Based on current trends and patterns, which of the following statements best predicts how the human population will change over the next 50 years?

As the population density increases, there will be an increase in disease transmission, leading to increased mortality.

A Scientist is studying a biome that experiences large seasonal fluctuations in both temperature and precipitation patterns. Which of the following would best characterize the organisms that inhabit the biome?

Generalists would be most abundant, because the resources available would be constantly changing.

Which of the following best describes a difference between generalist species and specialist species?

Generalists use a large range of resources, while specialists have a limited range of resources they use to survive.

A variety of plants and animals inhabit a forest ecosystem. Which statement correctly explains why certain organisms would be more likely to survive than others if a forest fire burned the area?

Generalist species are more likely to survive because they can thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources.

An age structure diagram can provide information on

All of the above

The rule of 70 can be used to determine population doubling time.Doubling time is a measure of the

Population growth rate

A Type I (late loss) survivorship is typical of

K-selected organisms

An example of a density independent limiting factor is

A decrease in water due to drought

The following are likely to be pioneer species in an ecological succession

Generalists and r-selected species

Which of the following is not true of K-selected species

Population regulation is usually density independent

The rule of 70 is a simple way to approximate

population doubling time

If a population of 10,000 is growing at 2% per year

It will take 35 years to double

The decline in global human fertility is the result of

All of the above

A proposed stage 5 in demographic transition is characterized by

Sub-replacement fertility

Density-dependent regulation of populations

All of the above

A population's growth rate is determined by births, deaths,

immigration, and emigration

Which of the following is true of a specialist species

Narrow niche, high risk of extinction

The most important component of biodiversity is

All of the above

Habitat loss has a disproportionate effect on

All of the above

Products obtained directly from ecosystems for basic needs are known as

Provisioning ecosystem services

Migratory species can suffer heavy mortality if

All of the above

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem that provides ecosystem services including protection from hurricane storm surges

an intact coastal wetland

Which of the following ecosystem services are categorized as regulating

Pollination, decomposition, and water purification

ecological succession on an area that lacks any vegetation or soil is called

primary succession

Which of the following describes the most immediate effect if an invasive generalist species is introduced to the island

as competition for resources increase the population size of the island specialist species will increase

based on the theory of island biogegraphy, which of the following islands would most likely have the higher number of species living on it

an island 30 hectares in size that is 10 kilometers off the coast of mainland

which of the following economic consequences to a provisioning ecosystem service will most likely result from increased global warming?

the collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification

identify the oldest stage of succession shown in the figure above?

the forest

identify a pioneer species that could be found in an ecosystem like the one in the figure above?

lichens, mosses,sea grass,algae, fungi

describe the role of pioneer species in early succession?

they increase the biodiversity of an area

explain one adaptation that helps grasses succed in grasslands, rather than forests

grasses have deep roots that help them access water in dry conditions, such as fires, making them more suited from grasslands than forest.