ANSC 221 Final Exam

Which of the feeding schemes is only appropriate for feeding beef cows following fall weaning?

corn stalks or wheat straw or corn cobs + small amount of corn +SBM +minerals

Which of the feeding schemes best fits feeding beef cows at breeding time?

pasture or good hay with salt and/or free choice minerals

Which of the feeding schemes best fits feeding growing pigs?

corn + soybean meal + vitamins + minerals

Which of the feeding schemes best fits feeding broiler chickens?

corn + soybean meal + vitamins + minerals

Which of the feeding schemes best fits feeding lactating dairy cows?

25% corn silage + 25% alfalfa hay + 50% corn and SBM meal

Which of the feeding schemes best fits feeding steers the last 60 days in a feedlot?

80 to 90% corn or corn silage with supplement + 10 to 20% hay

The most palatable feeds available will be used for the high producing dairy cow in order to achieve high feed intake along with high milk production

True

Rations should be formulated on a crude protein basis for cattle, but on a lysine basis for swine and poultry

True

A good source of protein in swine and poultry diets is urea

False

A feed with about the same feeding value as soybean meal for cattle is cottonseed meal

True

Without microbes in the rumen, ruminants could not digest hay and other feeds containing cellulose any better than we can

True

Corn and other grains are fed primarily for their protein content

False

A big difference between ruminants and nonruminants is that ruminants rely on _____ much more for their source of energy

Volatile Fatty Acids

Soybean Meal

Proteinaceous concentrate (protein feeds)

Wheat bran

Byproduct feed from grain milling (processing)

Alfalfa

Legume forage

Bermuda grass

Grass forage

Brewer's grains

Byproduct feed from fermentation for beer or alcohol production

Corn

Carbonaceous concentrate (grains)

Wheat straw

crop residue feed

Peanut meal

Proteinaceous concentrate (protein feeds)

Corn stover

crop residue feed

Corn cobs

crop residue feed

Big bluestem

grass forage

Distiller's grains

Byproduct feed from fermentation for beer or alcohol production

Orchard grass

grass forage

Wheat middlings

byproduct feed from grain milling (processing)

spent hops

crop residue feed

corn gluten meal

byproduct feed from fermentation for beer or alcohol production

Which animal has a high need for protein because it cannot down-regulate its catabolic enzymes of amino acid degradation and requires dietary taurine?

Cat

What nutrient requirement increases the most as the work of the horse increases?

Energy

Crude protein is determined by:

Multiplying the % nitrogen by 6.25

One difference between rations for poultry versus rations for pigs is that

Chickens need more methionine

A symptom of low calcium in the blood of cows following calving is:

milk fever

Compensatory gain refers to improved growth and feed efficiency when an animal is placed on a high energy ration after a period on a low energy ration

True

The rabbit needs high quality forage with a high protein content because unlike the cow, it is a nonruminant animal and the microbial fermentation only provides energy

False

When harvested as hay, legumes generally have higher protein than grasses

True

A good substitute for corn with about the same feeding value is grain sorghum (milo)

True

The symptoms of a zinc deficiency include

parakeratosis

The symptoms of an iodine deficiency include

goiter

Which has the highest need for protein in the diet?

A dairy cow producing 80 pounds of milk per day

What structure in the horse allows it to utilize large amounts of forage?

Cecum

A balance of amino acids in the protein of the ration is more important to the horse than it is to the cow

True

Amino acid composition of the DIP is more important than the UIP protein

False

The difference between starch and cellulose is

Both are composed of glucose and in starch they are connected with alpha bonds whereas in cellulose they are connected with beta bonds

Lignin

All of the above

A polyunsaturated fatty acid

has double bonds between carbons and less H than it could have

Which of the following is blood sugar?

glucose

Water plays an essential role in

Two of the above

Excess protein in the diet

is broken down and used for energy

Which of the following is the main storage fatty acid in beef fat?

Stearic acid

Which of the following could result from limiting water to livestock?

All of the above

Dr. Forsyth has great regard for what great person of the past for his insight to investigate nutrition by feeding simplified diets, containing only corn and corn plant, or only wheat and wheat plant, or only oats and oat plant, which showed corn-fed cows performed better, and led to the astounding discovery of a whole class of nutrients, the vitamins, that were previously unknown:

Dr. Stephen Babcock

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

sucrose

Which of the following is table sugar?

Sucrose

What is the most important reason cows can digest hay containing cellulose?

bacteria in the rumen produce cellulase

Calculate the NFE from the following analysis information:

50

In order to get the maximum productivity from ruminants, including the optimal fermentation in the rumen, it is important to balance rations to provide for the needs of the bacteria

True

Which is true about starch and cellulose?

Starch and cellulose are both made out of the same kind of sugar but the way they are bonded together is different

The reason B-vitamins are not added routinely to beef cattle diets is that

beef cattle are provided with the B-vitamins naturally through the bacterial fermentation that takes place in their rumen

Which of the following is not an essential fatty acid

pantothenic acid

Calculate the TDN from the following analysis information

70.2

Which amino acid is required and contains sulfur?

methionine

Which vitamin is not needed in the diet of any farm animals, but is needed in the diet of humans to prevent scurvy?

Vitamin C

the reason ruminant animals can digest roughages and non-ruminants cannot is because

ruminants have microbes that ferment the feed in their rumens

Why is protein quality a much bigger issue with nonruminants than with ruminants?

because ruminants have bacteria in the rumen which can utilize the contents of low quality proteins to produce the amino acids that they need

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) retinol?

Vitamin A

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) 1.25 di-hydroxycholecalciferol?

Vitamin D

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) ascorbic acid?

Vitamin C

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) carotene?

Vitamin A

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) menadione and phyloquinone?

Vitamin K

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) cyanocobalamine?

Vitamin B12

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent encephalomalacia in birds, stiff lamb disease, white muscle disease, mulberry heat disease, degenerating livers in pigs and peroxidation of tissues by free-radicals in general?

Vitamin E

What nutrient corresponds to (is the same as or is made from) d-alpha-tocopherol?

Vitamin E

What nutrient can be formed in the skin when exposed to sunlight?

Vitamin D

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent night blindness, keritomalacia, poor reproduction, increased incidence of infection, and integrity of epithelial tissues everywhere?

Vitamin A

What vitamins would you supplement to pigs and chickens but not cows?

All the B complex vitamins

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent perosis in chickens?

Choline

What mineral is added at 1000-2000 ppm at weaning in some young pig diets to maintain health?

Zinc

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent parakeratosis in pigs?

Zinc

What is the end product of rumen fermentation of carbohydrates?

VFAs

What enzyme digests carbohydrates?

amylase

What substance emulsifies fats?

Bile

What substance digests fat from triglycerides to free fatty acids?

Lipase

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent anemia in new-born pigs?

Iron

What nutrient is deficient in the blood in milk fever?

Calcium

What vitamin would you supplement to prevent rickets?

Vitamin D

What nutrient would you supply to prevent grass tetany?

Magnesium

What vitamin would you supplement to prevent failure of the blood to clot?

Vitamin K

What nutrient would you supplement to prevent pernicious anemia?

Vitamin B12

What mineral would you supplement to prevent rickets?

calcium

Which energy value is an index of energy on a carbohydrate basis?

TDN

NDF is a newer method that has improved on Crude Fiber determination

True

Table sugar is

a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose

Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?

linoleic acid

Proteins are analyzed by determining the amount of ____ present

Nitrogen

Dog feeding is complicated because each breed differs from others so much that diets should be specific for each breed

False

Carbohydrates are made of

simple sugars

Carbohydrates are made of C, H, and O, just like fats, but they have much less oxygen than fats

False

Glucose is

a polysaccharide, an amino acid, a monosaccharide, a fat