BIO - Exam 2

Lesson 07 - lesson 11

Oxidized

Oxidized

lose e-

Reduced

Gain e-

Exergonic

Negative delta G, spontaneous, more chaos, less structure

Endergonic

Positive delta G, NOT spontaneous, requires input of coupled rxns

Coupled Rxns

Used to destabilize Glucose by spending 2 ATPs

Kinetic energy

Energy of motioin

Potential energy

stored energy

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Entropy is continuously increasing

Activation Energy

Energy required to destabilize existing bonds and to initiate a reaction

Catalysts

Can be used to lower activation energy

Inhibitor

Molecule that binds to & decreases the activity of an enzyme

Competitive inhibitor

Competes w substrate for active site

Noncompetitive inhibitor/allosteric inhibitor

Binds to enzyme at allosteric site NOT active site, cause shape change that makes enzyme unable to bind substrate

Feedback Inhibition

End product of a pathway binds to allosteric site on the first enzyme in said pathway

Cellular respiration

All organisms use this to extract energy from chemical bonds of organic molecules

Where does Glycolysis occur?

Cytosol

Where does Pyruvate Oxidation + Krebs Cycle occur?

Mitochondrial Matrix

Where does the ETC occur?

Inner membrane mitochondria

ADP → ATP

Substrate level phosphorylation

ATP Hydrolysis

Breaking down/‘spending’ ATP