CH 1 - The Suez Canal and Eygpt

What revived British interest in Egypt in the 1860s?

The America Civil War of 1861 to 1865

By the 1870s what percentage of Egypt's imports were coming from Britain?

40%

When did Isma'il Pasha come to power in Egypt?

1863

How did Isma'il Pasha get Egypt into debt?

Embarked on a number of projects: irrigation, railways, schools, street lighting and the Suez Canal

How much did the Suez Canal cut the route from Britain to India?

By 6,000

When was the Suez Canal completed?

1869

How much did Disraeli spend on shares in the Suez Canal?

£4 million

When did Disraeli buy shares in the Suez Canal?

1875

Who held the most shares over the Suez Canal?

France

When was Ismail Pasha deposed by the Ottoman sultan?

1879

Who became the new Khedive in 1879?

Tewfiq, Ismail's son

Which British Commissioner wielded influence over Egypt during Tewfiq's early reign?

Lord Dufferin

How was Egypt debt dealt with?

Army cut by 2/3 and tax imposed on Egyptian food goods

Who led a nationalist rebellion against British dealing with the Egyptian economy?

Arabi Pasha

What did Tewfiq do with Arabi Pasha's allies?

Appointed them to high government positions, where their anti-European positions provoked British concerns over trade and investment

How many Europeans were living in Egypt?

100,000

When was the Bombardment of Alexandria?

1882

How many Europeans were killed in Alexandria?

50

What was the Bombardment of Alexandria?

Political tensions spilled out into the streets of Alexandria, which led to violence

Which prime minister sent naval forces to bombard Alexandria?

William Gladstone

Which British Commander-in-Chief won the Battle of Tel el-Kebir?

Sir Garnet Wolseley

How long did the Battle of Tel el-Kebir last?

Last than an hour

What did success of the Battle of Tel el-Kebir mean for the British?

British could retake Cairo, and restore Tewfiq as a puppet ruler

Who was installed as Consul-General in Egypt?

Evelyn Baring

What confirmed Britain's influence over Egypt 1885?

The Convention of London