Developmental Reflexes

Gag

Stimulus: object in mouth

Response: gage

Phasic Bite

Stimulus: pressure/finger on gums

Response: chewing

Rooting

Stimulus: stroke corner of mouth

Response: head turns towards stimulus and mouth opens

Suck Swallow

Stimulus: roof of mouth is touched

Response: coordinated sucking, swallowing and breathing to feed

Flexor Withdrawal

stimulus: pain at sole of foot

response: pull LE into flexion

Crossed Extension

Stimulus: holding LE in extension, pain at foot

Response: use opposite foot to push stimulus away

Neonatal positive supporting

Stimulus: balls of feet contact support surface

Response: weightbearing through feet

Galant

Stimulus: in ventral suspension, stroke paraspinals on one side

Response: lateral flexion towards side

Spontaneous Stepping

Stimulus: held upright and feet touch surface (with forward lean)

Response: rhythmic stepping

Moro

Stimulus: when startled or head drops backwards

Response: ABDuction/extension then ADDuction/flexion of extremities

Placing

Stimulus: stroking edge of foot

Response: place foot on surface

NOB

Stimulus: turn head in supine

Response: body turns towards head

BOB

Stimulus: flex leg over supine body

Response: upper body follows in long roll

Asymmetrical tonic neck (ATNR)

Stimulus: turn head to side

Response: flexion on fact side, flexion on skull side

(fencer pose)

Grasp

Stimulus: touch palm or ball of foot

Response: hand/foot closes around object

Tonic labyrinthine

Stimulus: prone or supine

Response: prone: flex neck and limbs, supine: extend neck and limbs

Symmetric Tonic Neck

Stimulus: support sitting with flexion or extension of head

Response: arms flex and legs extend or opposite

Babinski

Stimulus: firm stroke along lateral border of sole of foot

Response: big toe extends, other toes flare out

Landau

Stimulus: ventral suspension

Response: head, back and hips extend

Labyrinthine Righting

Stimulus: tilt in vertical suspension with eyes covered

Response: head will move to midline

Parachute

Stimulus: support child in prone and lower towards a surface

Response: extend arms with open palms