Lab Quiz 2 - Appendicular Skeleton

Periosteum

a double layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone

Diaphysis

elongated shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

the end of a long bone, attached to the shaft

Epiphyseal Plate

plate of hyaline cartilage at the junction of the diaphysis and the epiphysis that provides for growth in length of a long bone

Articular Cartilage

hyaline cartilage covering bone ends at movable joints

Meniscus

a crescent shaped, cartilaginous band between the medial tibial and medial femoral condyle knee

Joint Cavity

the space between two connecting bones filled with synovial fluid

Synovial Fluid

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane that lubricates joint surfaces and nourishes articular cartilages

Fibrous Joints

bones joined by collagen fibers of connective tissue

ex: sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

Sutures

found only between bones of skull

Syndesmoses

junction of bones held together by ligaments

Gomphoses

tooth attached to socket with periodontal ligament

Cartilaginous Joints

bones joined by cartilage

ex: synchondroses and symphyses

Synchondroses

joints of hyaline cartilage between the shaft and the epiphyseal plates of growing long bones

Symphyses

bones are joined by fibrocartilage

Synovial Joints

articulating bones are separated by a fluid filled cavity - most joints classified this way

ex: plane, condylar, ball and socket, hinge, saddle, and pivot

Synarthroses

immovable joints

Amphiarthroses

slightly movable joints

Diarthroses

freely movable joints (synovial joints)

Temporomandibular Joint

temporal bone and mandible

Sternoclavicular Joint

sternum and clavicle

Humeroscapular or Glenohumeral Joint

humerus and scapula or glenoid cavity and humerus

Elbow Joint

humerus and ulna

Metacarpophalangeal Joints

metacarpals and phalanges

Interphalangeal Joint

the phalanges

Coxal Joint

the ox coxa and the femur

Tibiofemoral Joint

the tibia and the femur

Talocrural Joint

the tibia, femur, and talus