A&P Lab Midterm

tapetum lucidum (cow eye)

Iridescent layer found in nocturnal animals for maximizing vision under low intensity light (What makes their eyes shine at night)

Frontal bone

bone that forms the forehead

supraorbital notch

paired opening or notch superior to the orbit

Zygomatic bones

known as the cheeckbones, articulate with the frontal bone (forehead)

zygomaticofacial foramen

an opening in the zygomatic bone

Nasal bones

form the bridge of the nose

Maxillary bones

form most of the upper jaw

Infraorbital foramen

opening under the orbit carrying the infraorbital nerves and blood vessels the the nasal region

Alveolar processes

A bony ridge found on the inferior surface of the Maxilla and the superior surface of the Mandible which contains the sockets for the teeth.

Mandible

lower jaw

Mental foramen

Name this foramen.

Parietal bones

Bones that form the sides and top of the cranium.

Coronal suture

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

Greater wing of the sphenoid

anterior to the temporal bone

Pterion (pteri=wing)

Where the bones meet at the temple

Temporal fossa

area superior and deep to the zygomatic arch

Zygomatic process

Name this part of the temporal bone.

Infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

Name this feature

Zygomatic arch

Name the structure.

Squamous part of temporal

anterior and upper part, contributes to temporal fossa

Mastoid part of temporal

Mastoid process

Mastoid notch

Mastoid foramen

Stylomastoid foramen

Mastoid process

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

Tympanic part of temporal

ring of bone around external acoustic meatus

External acoustic meatus

ear canal

Infratemporal fossa

area inferior and deep to the zygomatic arch

Pterygopalatine fossa

fossa deep to the infratemporal fossa and between the pterygoid process and maxillary tuberosity

Palatine bone

Name this bone.

Medial part of the greater wing of sphenoid

Name this feature

Foramen spinosum

Name this foramen.

Foramen ovale

Name this foramen.

Pterygoid process of the sphenoid

Process of the sphenoid bone, consisting of two plates

Lateral and medial pterygoid plates

origin of lateral and medial pterygoids

Foramen lacerum

Name this foramen.

Pterygoid canal

Name this canal

Petrous part of temporal bone

raised area on internal surface of cranial vault which encloses structures of middle and inner ear

Apex of petrous

What is the highlighted section?

Styloid process

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Basilar bone or basilar part of occipital

Name the highlighted feature

Occipital condyles

Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra (atlas)

External occipital protuberance

Name this bony landmark.

Mandibular fossa

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

Articular fibrocartilage

tissue shaped like a disc or partial disc called a meniscus that provides cushioning at a joint

Orbital plates of frontal bone

Comprise the floor of the anterior cranial fossa, and the roof of the orbital cavity

Crista galli

ethmoid bone

Cribriform plate of ethomoid bone

within the anterior region

Body of sphenoid

hollow, cube like central portion

Prechiasmatic groove or sulcus of sphenoid body

name the structure

Optic nerves

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Optic chiasm

superior to pituitary gland

Sella turcica

cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

Pituitary gland

housed in the sella turcica

Tuberculum sellae

forms the anterior border of the sella turcica

Hypophyseal fossa

a depression within the sella turcica, holds the pituitary gland

Dorsum sellae

ridge of bone at posterior edge of sella turcica

Posterior clinoids

Name the highlighted region

Internal carotid

name the canal

Petrous temporal bone

Contains the inner ear

Middle meningeal vessels

What are the arrows pointing at?

Petrous ridges

temporal

Transverse sinus grooves

What is the highlighted section?

Internal occipital protuberance

internal landmark of the occipital bone

Internal acoustic meatus

A passage for CN VIII from the inner ear to the brain.

Jugular foramen

Name this foramen.

Hypoglossal canal

CN XII

Basilar portion of occipital bone

Name the green region

Clivus

slope

Fontanelles

soft spots normally present on the skull of a newborn

Foramen magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

Central sulcus (inside)

anterior portion of scull

Calvaria

Top part of the skull

Parietal foramina

parietal bone near sagittal suture

Sutural bone

tiny bones between cranial bones

Lateral sulcus

Separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes

lesser wing (sphenoidal crest) of the sphenoid bone

Name the highlighted region

Greater wing of sphenoid

Name this structure

Squamous portion of the temporal bone

Thin portion of temporal bone

Petrous portion of temporal

houses structures of inner ear

Cavernous dural sinus vein

What is the arrow pointing at?

Superior sagittal sinus

Name this vein.

Granular foveolae

Shallow depressions caused by the arachnoid granulations

Diploë

layer of spongy bone, that is sandwiched between two the layers of compact bone found in flat bones

Dura

What is this layer?

Cerebral falx or falx cerebri

What is this sheath?

Sagittal suture

between parietal bones

Right transverse sinus

Continuation of the superior sagittal sinus

Tentorial notch

the space in the tentorium through which the brainstem passes

Superior petrosal sinuses

Stretch between cavernous and transverse sinuses

Transverse dural sinuses

What would run in this groove?

Sigmoid sinus

drains into internal jugular vein

Inferior petrosal sinus

carries blood from the cavernous sinus to the internal jugular vein

Superior orbital fissure (SOF)

Largest communication between the orbit and middle Cranial fossa

Orbital plate of frontal bone

This section of the Frontal bone forms the upper portion of the eye socket.

Lesser wing of sphenoid bone

Name this structure

Posterior ethmoid foramen

Posterior ethmoid nerve

Anterior ethmoid foramen

anterior ethmoid nerve

Fossa for lacrimal gland on orbital plate of frontal

Where does the lacrimal gland rest?

Fovea for trochlea of superior oblique muscle

The anchoring site for the pulley of the superior oblique muscle

trochlear spine

Indicates that ligaments of the cartilaginous pulley were ossified. This is not always present.

Frontal process of maxilla

the ascending part of the upper jaw which gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone; the ascending process of the upper jaw.

Lacrimal bone

small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts