period 7A vocab

muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public

17th amendment

Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)

initiative, referendum, and recall

three powers reserved to enable the voters, by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to remove an elected official from office.

florence kelley

An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. (Social Welfare). She was appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois. She helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours.

triangle shirtwaist factory

this factory kept doors locked to avoid theft trapping workers inside when a fire erupted; alerted reformers to the terrible conditions of industrial workers

square deal

Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers

Elkins act

(1903) gave the Interstate Commerce Commission more power to control railroads from giving preferences to certain customers

the jungle

This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act.

meat inspection act and pure food and drug act

1906, authorized Secretary of Agriculture to inspect and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption/ all labels on any type of food had to be accurate

conservation

Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment

16th amendment

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

bull moose party

nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912

national association for the advancement of colored people

wanted no less than to abolish all forms of segregation

national American women suffrage association

wanted support from congress for an amendment to the constitution, carrie calt

Margaret sanger

advocate for birth control education

William seward

Secretary of State, new york

queen lilioukalani

queen and last sovereign merchant of Hawaii kingdom

alfred thayer mahan

us naval officer and historian

Pan-American conference

Baines effort to establish closer ties between us

jingoism

intense form of nationalism calling for an aggressive foreign policy

yellow journalism

promotes war fever in the us

de lome letter

spanish diplomat letter leaked to press and printed on front page of Hearst journal

teller amendment

declared the us had no intention of taking political control of cuba

treaty of Paris(1898)

recognition of Cuba, us acquisition of 2 Spanish islands(Puerto Rico and Guam), us control philippines

insular cases

series of opinions by the Supreme Court about the status of the us territories acquired in Spanish-american war

platt amendment

treaty between us and Cuba that attempted to protect Cubas independence from foreign affairs

spheres of influence

dominate trade and investment within their region/port and shut out competitors

open door policy

all nations would have equal trading privileges in china

boxer rebellioin

Chinese nationalists attacked foreign settlements and murdered dozens of christians

big stick diplomacy

the use or threat of force/ power

roosevelt corollary

us would intervene instead which helped protect nations, trying to pay off debt

great white fleet

groups of us navy battleships that completed a journey around the globe

dollar diplomacy

promotes us trade and supporting American enterprise aboard

moral diplomacy

proposed by president Woodrow Wilson, system in which support is given only to countries whose belief

neutrality

us would not fight on either side of the war

lusitania

first major crisis, challenging us neutrality

preparedness

greater defense expenditures

Zimmerman telegram

A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S.

bolsheviks

a member of the majority faction of the Russian social democratic party

american expeditionary force

us armed forces on the western front during wwi

wilson 14 points

Woodrow Wilson's plan for post-war peace: no secret treaties; freedom of the seas; removal of economic barriers; reduction of arms; adjust colonial claims

treaty of versailles

punish Germany, apply principles of self-determination and maintain peace

Henry cabot lodge

American republican politician, served in us senate, position on foreign policy

league of nations

intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace

national war labor board

labor won concessions during war that had earlier be denied, former president William h taft

liberty bonds

federally issued debt obligations used to finance American participation in wwI

committee on public information

George creel, enlisted voluntary services of artists, writers, vaudeville performers, and movie stars

espionage and seditions acts

two laws, enacted in 1917 and 1918, that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against the United States involvement in World War I.

espionage vs United States

Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the espionage act, justice Oliver wendell homes

selective service act

system to draft men into the military

great migration

migration of one million people, leaving south, and moved north for jobs