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13 Terms
1
F6P
\________- splits into two 3- carbon- long fragments known as PGAL (glyceraldehyde phosphate); with the formation of PGAL, the energy- producing portion of glycolysis begins.
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2
Fermentation
\________- the solution to this problem; it takes the excess NADH that builds up and converts it back to NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.
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3
exergonic reaction
In a(n) \________, the products contain less energy than the reactants, and the excess energy is released.
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4
phosphoenolpyruvate
After 3PG rearranges to form 2- phosphoglycerate, \________ (PEP) is formed, which donates a phosphate group to molecules of ADP to form another pair of ATP molecules and pyruvate.
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5
Catalysts
\________ speed up reactions by lowering the energy (activation energy) needed for the reaction to take place, but are not used up in the reaction.
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6
Glycolysis
\________- produces the same result under anaerobic conditions as it does under aerobic conditions- two ATP molecules.
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7
Eg
\________: the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells.
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8
oxygen
If \________ is present, more ATP is later made by oxidative phosphorylation.
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9
ATP
\________ is constructed from an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi) through phosphorylation (a chemical process in which a phosphate group is added using free energy)
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10
Substrates
\________- the substances that enzymes act on.
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11
Height A
\________ represents original activation energy; height B represents the lowered activation energy due to the addition of enzymes.
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12
glucose molecule
A(n) \________ is broken down through a series of reactions into two molecules of pyruvate.
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13
endergonic reaction
In a(n) \________, the products of the reaction contain more energy than the reactants, and the extra energy must be supplied for the reaction to proceed.
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