GASPE-MIDTERM-REVIEWER

Peace Education

The process of acquiring values, knowledge, and developing attitudes, skills, and behaviors to live in harmony with oneself, with others, and with the natural environment.

Goals of Peace Education

The goals include learning to cultivate awareness, concern, and behaviors that lead to peaceful relationships, conditions, and structures, as well as unlearning unpeaceful patterns of thinking and relating to seek changes in mindsets, attitudes, values, and behaviors that have caused or exacerbated violent conflicts.

Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

Emphasizes the importance of social and emotional development, nurturing self-awareness, emotional management, social awareness, and decision-making to acquire pro-social skills and promote positive and caring behaviors.

Conflict Resolution Education (CRE)

Provides skills training to engage constructively in conflicts that occur in everyday lives.

Problem-Based, Transformational Approaches

Encourages students to examine specific social problems affecting their community and develop ways to address and transform them.

Human Rights Education

Fosters human rights knowledge, skills, and values, including teaching about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent international treaties, as well as building awareness and skills to exercise and respect human rights and human dignity.

Encounter and Integration Approaches

Aims to build intergroup understanding.

Memory and Transitional Justice Pedagogies

Includes attention to how collective history informs current realities.

Safe Schools and Cooperative School Climate

Blends efforts to integrate peace education curriculum, peer mediation, restorative justice, and other practices to foster a positive and cooperative relational climate in schools.

Executive Order No

Establishes the Peace Education Program and mandates the Department of Education (DepEd) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) to implement it in the Philippines.

Republic Act No

The Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act, which defines children as Zones of Peace and protects schools from being used for military purposes.

Republic Act No

The Children's Emergency Relief and Protection Act, governing the provision of emergency relief and protection for children in disasters.

Republic Act No

The Special Protection of Children in Situations of Armed Conflict Act, providing guidelines for protecting and rehabilitating children in case of armed conflict.

Human Rights

Fundamental rights and freedoms inherent to all individuals by virtue of their humanity, protected by international legal frameworks such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Principles of Human Rights

Universal and inalienable rights that apply to all individuals, indivisible and interconnected, emphasizing equality and non-discrimination, participation and inclusion, accountability and the rule of law.

Protection of Human Rights

Involves the government, civil society organizations, individuals, legislation and policies, advocacy and awareness, and upholding human dignity.

Human Dignity

Core principle of human rights that recognizes and upholds the inherent worth, value, and equality of every individual, encompassing aspects such as inherent worth, equality and non-discrimination, autonomy and agency, protection from harm, and fulfillment of basic needs.

Human Rights Violations

Examples include discrimination, torture and cruel treatment, slavery and forced labor, gender-biased violence, and restrictions on freedom of expression.

Multi-Faceted Approach on Human Rights Violations

Involves legal mechanisms, advocacy and awareness, empowering civil society, international cooperation, education and training to address and prevent human rights violations.

Education and Awareness

Promotes human rights education and awareness to foster a culture of respect for human rights, tolerance, and understanding.

Human Rights Education

The integration of human rights principles and issues into school curricula, workshops, seminars, and awareness campaigns.

Grassroots Movements and Civil Society Organizations

Organizations that mobilize communities, conduct research, document human rights violations, and demand accountability from governments and stakeholders.

Advocacy and Lobbying

Working with policymakers, lawmakers, and government officials to advocate for human rights-friendly policies, laws, and practices.

International Cooperation and Dialogue

Essential for addressing human rights challenges that transcend national boundaries.

Corporate Social Responsibility

Engaging in dialogue with companies, encouraging transparency, and holding them accountable for their impact on human rights.

Legal and Judicial Reform

Advocating for human rights legislation, strengthening judicial independence, and promoting access to justice for marginalized populations.

Intersectionality and Inclusivity

Understanding the interconnectedness of different forms of discrimination and oppression and addressing the challenges faced by individuals who face multiple forms of discrimination.

Protecting Human Rights Defenders

Providing resources, legal assistance, and physical protection for activists at risk.

Sex

A fundamental aspect of human biology and reproduction, categorized into primary and secondary characteristics.

Gender

The combination of attitudes and behaviors associated with masculinity and femininity, learned and perpetuated through socialization.

Gender Spectrum

The recognition of multiple gender identities and expressions beyond the binary categories of male and female.

Sexual Orientation

The internal, subjective feelings of attraction and longing that individuals experience towards others.

Gender Identity

How individuals understand and define their own gender in relation to their experiences of desires, attraction, and self-perception.

Gender Expression

The ways individuals make their gender identification known to others through their conduct, attire, hairstyle, voice, and other physical manifestations.

Transgender

Describes a person whose gender identity differs from their assigned birth sex.

Cisgender/Gender Normative

Refers to people whose sex assignment at birth corresponds to their gender identity.

Transphobia

Fear or hatred of transgender individuals, which can manifest as violence, harassment, and discrimination.

Sexual and Reproductive Responsibilities

Decisions and actions related to reproduction, family planning, and choices regarding starting or expanding a family.

Societal Norms and Expectations

Beliefs about gender roles, behaviors, and responsibilities associated with being male or female, which can vary across cultures and communities.

Stereotypes

Generalized beliefs or assumptions about the characteristics, behaviors, and abilities of individuals based on their sex, which can perpetuate biases and discrimination.

Sexual Orientation

An individual's enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to others.

Heterosexual

Also known as being straight, refers to individuals who are primarily attracted to people of the opposite gender.

Homosexual

Also known as being gay (for men) and lesbian (for women), refers to individuals who are primarily attracted to people of the same gender.

Bisexual

Refers to individuals who are attracted to people of both their own gender and other genders.

Pansexual

Refers to individuals who are attracted to others regardless of their gender identity or biological sex.

Asexual

A sexual orientation characterized by a lack of sexual attraction to others.

Polysexual

Refers to an individual who is attracted to multiple genders, but not necessarily all genders.

Queer

An umbrella term that encompasses a wide range of non-heterosexual and non-cisgender identities.

Questioning

Refers to individuals who are exploring and questioning their sexual orientation.

Same-Gender Loving

A term used primarily within the Black community to describe individuals who have emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to people of the same gender.

Fluid

Refers to individuals whose sexual attractions and orientations are not fixed and may change or fluctuate over time.

Gender Identity

An individual's deeply felt sense of their own gender, whether it aligns with the sex assigned to them at birth or not.

Gender Expression

Refers to the way individuals present their gender identity to the world through their appearance, behavior, and self-expression.

Sex Characteristics

Encompass the physical and biological attributes typically associated with male or female bodies.

Intersectionality

A concept that recognizes how multiple aspects of an individual's identity, such as race, ethnicity, class, disability, and more, intersect and interact with one another, shaping their experiences and social realities.

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