germany depth study - facts

Flashcards covering key events and topics from the IGCSE History Paper 4: Germany Depth Study.

When did Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicate, leading to Germany becoming a republic?

November 1918

When did the Spartacist Uprising (communist revolt) occur?

January 1919

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

June 1919

When did the Kapp Putsch (right-wing revolt) take place?

March 1920

In what year did the hyperinflation crisis occur in Germany?

1923

When did the Munich Putsch (Hitler’s failed coup) occur?

November 1923

During what years was the Stresemann era, marked by economic and foreign policy recovery?

1924–1929

What were the main military and financial restrictions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

Army limited to 100,000 men; Reparations set at £6.6 billion

What percentage of land and population did Germany lose as a result of the Treaty of Versailles?

13% of land and 12.5% of population

Approximately how much did a loaf of bread cost in Germany during the hyperinflation crisis of 1923?

200 billion marks

What was the approximate unemployment figure in Germany in 1929?

Over 1.9 million

In what year did Hitler help write the 25-Point Programme?

1920

In what year did Hitler become the leader of the NSDAP (Nazi Party)?

1921

In what year did the Munich Putsch occur?

1923

In what year was Hitler imprisoned and began writing Mein Kampf?

1924

In what year did the Wall Street Crash occur?

1929

When did the Nazis become the largest party in the Reichstag?

July 1932

When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

January 1933

When did the Reichstag Fire occur?

February 1933

When was the Enabling Act passed, granting Hitler dictatorial powers?

March 1933

What percentage of the vote did the Nazis win in May 1928?

2.6%

What percentage of the vote did the Nazis win in July 1932?

37.3%

What was the approximate unemployment figure in Germany by 1932?

Over 6 million

What was the approximate size of the SA (Stormtroopers) in 1932?

Over 400,000 members

When did the Reichstag Fire take place?

February 1933

When was the Enabling Act passed, giving Hitler dictatorial powers?

March 1933

When did the Night of the Long Knives occur?

June 1934

When did Hindenburg die, leading to Hitler becoming Führer?

August 1934

How did the size of the SS grow between 1925 and 1934?

From 200 men in 1925 to over 50,000 by 1934

What was the growth in Hitler Youth membership between 1933 and 1939?

100,000 (1933) to 8 million (1939)

What organization did girls join in Nazi Germany?

League of German Maidens

What were the '3 Ks' that defined the expected role of women in Nazi Germany?

Kinder, Küche, Kirche (Children, Kitchen, Church)

What was the amount of the marriage loans provided in Nazi Germany?

1,000 marks

What was the Mother's Cross awarded for?

Awarded for large families

When and for whom was RAD (Reich Labour Service) made compulsory?

Compulsory from 1935 for 18–25-year-olds

What was the role of the DAF (German Labour Front) in Nazi Germany?

Replaced trade unions

How many kilometers of Autobahns were built by 1939?

Over 7,000 km built by 1939

How did unemployment change in Nazi Germany between 1932 and 1939?

Fell from 6 million (1932) to under 0.5 million (1939)

When did the boycott of Jewish shops begin in Nazi Germany?

April 1933

In what year were the Nuremberg Laws passed?

1935

When did Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) occur?

November 1938

In what year was the Wannsee Conference held to discuss the 'Final Solution'?

1942

What were the key events and statistics of Kristallnacht?

~100 Jews killed, 20,000–30,000 arrested, over 1,000 synagogues burned

Approximately how many Jews had fled Germany by 1939?

Over 250,000

What role did Goebbels play in Nazi Germany?

Minister of Propaganda

In what year were all other political parties banned in Nazi Germany?

1933

What forms of censorship were implemented in Nazi Germany?

Censorship of media, books, art

What was the Gestapo?

Secret police

Approximately how many films were produced in Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945?

Over 1,000 films

By 1939, what percentage of households in Germany had radios?

70%