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Precolonial PERIOD
Filipinos were ruled by chieftains of different barangay
Precolonial Period
There was no formal education. Learning was merely through imitation and practice
Precolonial Period
Early Filipinos eavily believed in spirits and supernatural entities( animism).
Precolonial Period
Social ranking and classes were practiced
Precolonial literature
Philippine Literature during this era is mostly based on oral traditions passed down from generation to generation.
Folk Tales
are stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor that teach valuable lessons
Epic
Are long poems that tell the detailed story of a hero’s achievements and adventures.
Legend
Are folklore stories about events that people believe actually happened in the past
Chant
This was used in witchcraft or enchantment especially in remote places in Visayas
Folk Song
Traditional Tunes that share the everyday life and culture of early filipinos, passed down through generations
Uyayi
Lullaby
Komintang
War Song
Harana
Courtship Song
Tagay
drinking song
mambayu
kalinga rice - pounding song
Subli
Dance ritual song of courtship/marriage)
Tagulaylay
Song of the dead
Myth
Philippine myths show that our
ancestors believed in one
supreme god and many lesser
gods and goddesses
MAGWAYEN
is the primordial Goddess of
the Sea and the Underworld in
Bisayan mythology
BURIGADANG PADA
SINAKLANG BULAWAN
Goddess of Vengeance and
Revenge
DALIKMATA
The Many Eyed-Goddess. The goddess of vison, and
prophecies. Worshipped by people with eye ailments
MAGAYON
The Goddess of All Flying
Creature
YNAGUINID
The Goddess of war
Barangaw
God of Rainbow
Ribung Linti
God of Lightning and Thunderstorm
Makaptan
The God of Hunger and Poverty
Paiburong
The God of the Middle World
Salawikain
There are like allegories or
parables that impart lessons
for the youth consisting of
couplets (2-lines) which usually have a rhyming end syllables.
SAWIKAIN
These are groups of words with
an established meaning
unrelated to the meanings of the individual words
BUGTONG
These are concise and
metaphorical statements,
which are puzzles expressed
in intriguing terms. Philippine
riddles are meant to test one’s wit
Doctrina Cristiana
the first book printed in the Philippines in 1593. Written by Father Juan de Placensia. Journal of the Philippine Librarianship
Nuestra Senora Del Rosario
Second book printed in the Phillipines authored by Fr. Blancas de San Jose in 1602, features biographies of saints, novenas, and a series of questions and answers on religion.
Father Juan de Placensia in 1593
Who wrote the Doctrina Cristiana?
Fr. Blancas de San Jose in 1602
Who authored the Nuestra Senora Del Rosario?
Ang PASION
is a traditional Filipino epic poem that narrates the passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ
FOLKSONG
These songs reflect the Filipinos’ natural appreciation for and love of beauty.
Examples include "Leron-Leron Sinta," "Pamulinawen," "Dandansoy," "Sarong Banggi," and "Atin Cu Pung Singsing
TIBAG
ritual was introduced by the Spaniards to remind people of St. Helena's search for the cross on which Jesus was crucified
CENACULO
This is a dramatic performance to commemorate the passion and death of Jesus Christ
panunuluyan
This is performed before midnight on Christmas Eve and depicts the search of the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph for an inn where they can deliver the baby Jesus
SALUBONG
an Easter play that dramatizes the meeting between the Risen Christ and his Mother.
CARILLO
is a traditional Filipino shadow puppet theater that uses cut-out figures projected onto a screen to tell stories
PROPAGANDA LITERATURE
This literature aimed to expose the injustices and abuses of the colonial government and the church, advocate for reforms, and foster a sense of national identity among Filipinos
Graciano Lopez Jaena
“Diego Laura”
“Fray Botod” 1874
one of the founder and editor of “La Solidaridad” in 1888
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
“Plaridel”
He was the co-founder of Diariong Tagalog and the first editor of La Solidaridad. His notable literary works include Caiingat Cayo, Dasalan at Tocsohan, and Ang Cadaquilaan ng Dios
Jose Rizal
“Noli Me Tangere”(Touch me not) = work of the heart
“El Filibusterismo”(The traitor) = work of the mind
Revolutionary Literature
consists of works that ignited revolution and resistance in the hearts of Filipinos
Andres Bonifacio
he is “Father of Katipunan” who showed his patriotism and poetic side as he wrote the poem “Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa“
Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog- an essay outlining the basic tenets of his idea of nationalism
Ang Dekalogo- an outline of obligations of his countrymen or “ang mga Anak ng Bayan.”
Emilio Jacinto
“Brains of katipunan”
Liwanag at Dilim- a collection of essays on different subjects like freedom, work, faith, government, and love of country
Philippine Public School System-
the biggest contributions of Americans in our country
Thomasites
were American soldiers who came to the Philippines to teach
English Alphabet
replacement for the Roman Alphabet.
AMERICAN PERIOD
During this time, the Filipino men-of-letters wrote all forms of literary genres like news, poetry, stories, plays essays, and novels which depicted their love of country and longing for independence
HAIKU
is a poem of free verse of Japanese origin. It has 17 syllables divided into 3 lines. The first has 5 syllables, second has 7, and the third has 5 syllables.
TANKA
poem is very similar to haiku but Tanka poems have more syllables and it uses simile, metaphor and personification. The 31 syllables are divided into 5 lines with: first line with 5, second line with 7, third line with 5, fourth line with 7,and the fifth line with 7
Literature
derived from the Latin word “Littera” which means “a letter of alphabet”
Oral or written
Can be the form of litterature
Poetry
One of the major forms of Literature. Has rhythm/rhymes, pattern of sounds, emotions, and stories. Also consists of lines and stanzas
Narrative, Dramatic, Lyric
The 3 types of Poetry
Narrative story
type of poetry that tells a story
Dramatic Poetry
type of poetry that is full of emotions and more on dialouges
Lyric Poetry
Type of poetry that focuses on emotions rather than stories
Epic
all about heroic stories, type of narrative poetry
ballad
a poem narrating a story in short stanzas
monolouge
speaking to the audience/characters
Prose
type of literature that has grammatical structure
Fiction
Not real, pure based on creative imagination
Non-fiction
Real, based on facts and real life
Chiefstains
The rulers of Filipinos in different barangays during pre-colonial period
imitation and practice
Way of leaning during pre-colonial period
animism
Early Filipino’s heavily believed in spirits and supernatural entities.
Oral traditions
Philippine Literature during pre-colonial era is mostly based here that is passed down from generations to generations.
baybayin
ancient pre-spanish form of writing
21st Century
refers to new literary work created within last decade
21st century literatures
written by contemporary authors
21st century lit
often breaks traditional writing works, reflects technological culture and may deal with current themes/issues
illustrated novel
A narrative told through combination of text and illustrated images. 50% of the story is conveyed without words, requiring readers to interpret.
Digital Fiction
Integrates three forms of media: movie/video, book, and internet website.
Graphic Novel
A storytelling medium where the narrative is presented through a comic style.
Manga
a Japanese term for comics, Used in English-speaking countries as a general term for all comic book and graphic novels originally published in japan.
Ameri-Manga
sometimes used to describe comics created by Americans in manga style
Doodle fiction
Literary format where the author uses dodles, drawings and handwritten graphics instead of traditional fonts.
Chick Literature
A genre of fiction that humorously and lightheartedly explores issues of modern womanhood. Typically features a female protagonist, with her feminity playing a central role in the plot
Blog
Website consisting of short stories, known as posts, that are updated regularly.
El Nuevo Dia
(the new day), established by sergio osmenia
El Grito Del Pueblo
(the call of nation); established by Pascual Poblete in 1900
El Racimiento
(the rebirth); founded by Rafael Palma
Xylography
A type of publishment by pressing pages from carved letters in wood. Used in publishing the first book in the philippines which is the Doctrina Christiana.
Movable
Type of printing used to publish the Nuetra Senora del Rosario
Aswang
closely related to vampires
Manananggal
attacks pregnant women
Tiyanak
a baby monster
Kapre
giant myth monster with cigar
tikbalang
half horse, half human
sigbin
can hurt you via shadow
Bakunawa
lunar eclipse, known as the “moon eater”
bungisngis
a type of myth monster na tawa ng tawa
Note 
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