chalmers C2 en C3

What should be taken into consideration when observing for research

The observable situation should be arranged in such a way that the reliance on unrelibale judgements is minimised if not elimated

What is necessary for acquiring relevant facts?

It is necessary to practiacally intervene to try to isolate the process under investigation and eliminate the effects of others. Therefore it is necessary to do experiments

On what is the acceptability of experimental results dependent?

On theory and how judgements are subject to change as our scienfitic understanding develops

How are facts given?

Not straightforwardely via the senses, it will require that it is known what disturbing factors are and how they can be eliminated

What does Chalmers conclude regarding experiments?

Although experimental results are fallible and theory-laden, their active and public nature and their dependence on the material world still make them an adequate basis for scientific testing and progress.