wildlife habitat quiz 2

Species-oriented approach definition of “habitat”

set of resources and environmental conditions that allow a species to survive and reproduce

how does soil relate to vegetation type?

vegetation is constrained by, but not determined by, soil type

fundamental niche

total range of environmental conditions where a species can exist without competition or predation

what did Tingley et al. (2009) conclude about bird species response to climate change?

species tracked their climate niche over a century, moving upslope or downslope based on temperature and precipitation

example of the “landscape of fear”

Elk in Yellowstone spending less time near creeks and lowland grazing habitats after wolves were reintroduced

Which EPA Level 2 Ecoregion is Blacksburg in?

Ozark, Ouachita-Appalachian Forests

why were lupine and Mestrosideros plants important early colonizers after volcanic erruptions at Mt St Helens and Hawaii?

they are nitrogen fixers

what kind of habitat has the most edge?

long and skinny patch

under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, ______ _____ is designated as the specific areas essential for the conservation of a listed species that may require special protection or management

critical habitat

what 2 factors are Whittaker’s biome classification based on?

temperature and precipitation

___________ _____ _______ is a method used to map a species’ potential distribution based on environmental variables

correlative niche mapping

__________ can tolerate a wide range of internal temperatures, but a relatively narrower range of external temperatures

ectotherms

food is a ______-__ control on wildlife

bottom-up

predation is a ___-____ control on wildlife

top-down

__________ maintain a stable internal body temperature, but can tolerate a wide range of external temperatures

endotherms

puma predating ocelots is a _________ mechanism for which predators drive distribution and abundance of prey in a given area

consumptive

ocelots avoiding areas where they detect puma scent is a ___-__________ mechanism

non-consumptive

intermediate disturbance hypothesis

grassland ecosystems have highest diversity at moderate levels of disturbance

stable and final stage of community development in ecological succession

climax

concept that describes how ecosystems can follow different successional trajectories rather than a single predictable pathway

alternative stable states

A small wetland surrounded by forest may function as a _____ for amphibians that breed there

patch

A small wetland surrounded by forest may function as a _____ for a forest-dwelling songbird that rarely uses open space

matrix