Exam 3 Review - Part 1

plant science exam 3 - this is e3 only. e4 is in part 2

simple fruit

this type of fruit has one flower and one ovary

multiple fruit

this type of fruit has several flowers in a mass

double fertilization

union of egg nucleus + sperm nucleus, and union of 2 polar nuclei + sperm nucleus

angiosperms

what plants undergo double fertilization

fertilization

union of female and male gametes

Light Dependent (Light Reaction)

and

Light Independent (Calvin Cycle)

what are the two parts of photosynthesis?

light compensation point

the light intensity at which the rate of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are equal

rice, wheat, potatoes

what are examples of C3 plants?

corn, sugarcane, sorghum

what are examples of C4 plants?

succulents, cacti, desert plants, some orchids, some bromeliads such as pineapple or jade plants

what are examples of CAM plants?

no, only C3 plants

does photorespiration occur in all plants?

no, fermentation is an anaerobic process (no O2)

does fermentation need oxygen to proceed?

glycolysis

the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate

glycolysis

kreb's cycle/citric acid cycle

electron transport systen

what are the 3 steps of cellular respiration?

Which part of the flower becomes the fruit when it matures ?

a. Stigma

b. Sepal

c. Ovary

d. Anther

C. Ovary

Which part of the flower becomes the seed when it matures?

A. petal

B. pollen

C. style

D. ovule

D. Ovule

What is the development of fruit without fertilization, which results in seedless fruit

A. Self incompatibility.

B. Regeneration.

C. Parthenocarpy

D. Pollination

C. Parenthenocarpy

Which of these is a simple, fleshy fruit

A. Drupe

B. Pepo

C. Berry

D. All the above

D. All the above

Which of these is a simple, dry fruit?

A. Pepo

B. Pome

C. Pod or legume

D. None of these

C. Pod or legume

Which of these simple dry fruits is dehiscent?

A. capsule cotton

B. Caryopsis corn

C. Achene sunflower

D. Nut oak

capsule (cotton)

A fruit that develops from one flower with multiple parts is what?

A. Simple

B. Aggregate

C. Multiple

D. None of these

Aggregate

What is double fertilization?

A. The application of fertilizer two times.

B. Mitosis in the ovule and in the pollen which produces 2 female and 2 males gametes that unite

C. 2 ovules and 2 pollen unite

D. Union of egg nucleus and sperm nucleus, and union of two polar nuclei and a sperm nucleus

Union of egg nucleus and sperm nucleus, and union of two polar nuclei and a sperm nucleus

The endosperm is...

A. The skin or outermost covering of a fruit

B. The boundary around a seed which may be hard or papery

C. The miniature plant in a seed

D. The stored food in a seed

D. The stored food in a seed

The radicle in the seed would develop into the ______ in the seedling

Coleoptile

Why are leaves green

Chlorophyll reflects green light

Where is chlorophyll found in plants

chloroplasts

Plants are called _______, because they manufacture their own food

A. Herbivores

B. Locavores

C. Autotrophs

D. Heterotrophs

C. Autotroph's

Which of these sources with the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis come from?

A. Respiration

B. Burning of fossil fuels

C. Diffusion from ocean

D. All of these

All of these

Which one of these factors will affect the rate of photosynthesis

A. Color of light

B. weather

C. Location of planting

D. All

All

Which of the following is a product in the light dependent reaction in photosynthesis

A. Oxygen

B. sugar

C. Ribulose (RuBP)

D. Carbon dioxide

A. Oxygen

Which of the following is a product in the light INdependent reaction in photosynthesis

A. Oxygen

B. sugar

C. ATP

D. Carbon dioxide

B. Sugar

The enzyme that helps carbon dioxide attached to RuBP carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle is...

A. Dehydrogenase

B. Oxygenase

C. Amylopectinase

D. Rubisco

D. Rubisco

Which of these conditions will ultimately cause a reduction in photosynthesis

A. Low CO2 levels.

B. Cloudy days.

C. Lack of water.

D. All of these.

All of these

Why is the element phosphorus important in photosynthesis?

A. The molecules involved in photosynthesis are less reactive if phosphorus is attached to them

B. Phosphorus is an important component of ATP, NADP, DNA and the cell membrane

C. The carbohydrates produced after photosynthesis contains phosphorus.

D. All of these reasons.

phosphorus is an important component of ATP, NADP, DNA, and the cell membrane

C3 plants are called such because the first stable product after carbon fixation is a 3-carbon compound called

phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)

Plants such as cacti or well adapted to a climate with very little water, because they are

A. C3 plants which produce hydrogen peroxide to survive drought, stress

B. C4 plants, which prevent respiration by binding CO2 to phosphoenol-private

C. CAM plants which close their stomata during the day thus preventing water loss

D.none

CAM plants which close their stomata during the day thus preventing water loss

C4 plants find carbon dioxide to phosphoeonol- pyruvate (PEP) in the mesophyll cells, and then release the carbon dioxide in the bundle sheath cells. This is important because...

A. The compound PEP cures arthritis and the effects of aging.

B. It results in the production of the toxin hydrogen peroxide.

C. It allows the plant to avoid photo respiration and thrive in a hot climate.

D. The bundles will die without carbon dioxide.

C. It allows the plant to avoid photo respiration and thrive in a hot climate.

Plants need to be grown in light intensity above the light compensation point, because

The plant will be able to accumulate food reserves for growth and reproduction

Which of the following statements is not true about C3 plants

A. The CO2 that enters the leaf is directly used to generate the three carbon phosphoglycerate PGA

B. C3 plants usually grow in areas with sufficient rainfall and moderate temperatures and light intensity.

C. Photorespiration is a common occurrence in C3 plants.

D. Sugarcane and corn are examples of C-3 plants.

D. Sugarcane and corn examples of C3 plants.

Which, among these parts of the plant would have the highest rate of photosynthesis

A. Fruit

B. Mature leaf.

C. Root

D. Young leaf.

B. Mature leaf

In source sink-relationships among different plant parts, a source produces excess carbohydrates, which are then transported to a sink, which of the following would be considered a source

A. Flower

B. Develop

C. Juvenile leaf.

D. Mature leaf.

D. Mature leaf.

Which of the following would be considered a sink?

A. Flower

B. Develop fruit.

C. Juvenile leaf.

D. All of these are sinks.

D. All of these are sinks.

Which of the following statements about photo respiration is not true

A. It occurs in C3 C4 and CAM plants

B. Hot sunny days are favorable for photorespiration.

C. Hydrogen peroxide, which is toxic to the plant is produced.

D. Several plant organelles are involved in photo respiration.

A. It occurs in C3 C4 and CAM plants

In which situation will plants make more sugars than they can use so that they can grow and develop

A. Photosynthesis > respiration

B. Photosynthesis = respiration

C. Photosynthesis.< respiration.

D. None of these.

A. Photosynthesis.> respiration

Respiration provides energy for plant processes based on the chemical reaction for respiration given in class which of the following would be a reactant necessary for respiration to proceed

A. Carbon dioxide.

B. Oxygen.

C. Water.

D. ATP.

Oxygen

There are three steps in respiration- the first step is glycolysis, which

A. Takes place in the mitochondria.

B. Is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid

C. Needs 34 ATP's to proceed.

D. Is all of these

B. Is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid

Which of these statements is not true for fermentation

A. It is another term for anaerobic respiration.

B. It needs oxygen to proceed.

C. One of the product is ethanol.

D. Carbon dioxide is produced.

B. It needs oxygen to proceed.