Untitled Flashcards Set

flashcards for apan

Minoan Civilization

The first civilization that developed in Crete, named after King Minos.

Knossos

The capital of Crete where the Minoan civilization flourished.

Linear A

The writing system used by the Minoans.

Mycenaean

The first Greek state, marked by its capital Mycenae and ruled by King Agamemnon.

Troy

A powerful city in Turkey near Hellespont.

Polis

The term for the city-states in Greece, consisting of free citizens involved in political and cultural life.

Acropolis

The highest point in a polis where temples were built and where people gathered to discuss politics and religion.

Monarchy

A form of government led by a king.

Oligarchy

A form of government where control is held by a few aristocrats.

Tyranny

A form of government where power is seized by one individual using force.

Democracy

A form of government where power rests with the people.

Battle of Marathon

The first major battle between the Athenians and Persian forces, resulting in an Athenian victory.

Battle of Thermopylae

An attempt by the Greeks, led by the Spartans, to stop the Persian advance.

Battle of Salamis

An important naval battle where the Athenians defeated the larger Persian navy.

Battle of Plataea

The final battle where Spartan forces defeated the Persians a year after Salamis.

Pax Romana

The period of peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire.

Romulus and Remus

The legendary twin brothers who are said to have founded Rome.

Republic

A system of governance established after the expulsion of the last king of Rome.

Patricians

The wealthy and noble class of Roman society.

Plebeians

The common people of Rome, including farmers, workers, and merchants.

Triumvirate

A political regime dominated by three powerful individuals.

Children's Crusade

A failed movement in 1212 where thousands of children aimed to reclaim Jerusalem.

Renaissance

A period of significant revival in art, literature, and learning in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century.

Florence

The leading city during the Renaissance.

Humanism

An intellectual movement during the Renaissance focused on human potential and achievements.

Francesco Petrarch

Considered the 'Father of Humanism' during the Renaissance.

Niccolo Machiavelli

An Italian philosopher and writer known for his work 'The Prince'.

Leonardo da Vinci

An Italian painter and inventor known for masterpieces like the 'Mona Lisa' and 'The Last Supper'.

William Shakespeare

A renowned playwright known for works such as 'Hamlet' and 'Romeo and Juliet'.