Anxiety

Vague feeling of dread or apprehension

Anxiety

Wear and tear that life causes on the body

Stress

_________ (physiological aspects of stress; identified by Selye)

 Alarm reaction stage (preparation for defense)

 Resistance stage (blood shunted to areas needed for defense)

 Exhaustion stage (stores depleted; emotional components unresolved)

General adaptation syndrome

_____________ stage:

• Stress stimulates body to send messages from the hypothalamus to the glands and organs to prepare for potential defenses

Alarm reaction

_________ stage:

• Blood shunted to areas needed for defense

• Lungs take in more air

• Heart beats faster

Resistance

____________ behaviors can be positive and help the person learn:

• imagery techniques

• Sequential relaxation

Adaptive

Negative responses to anxiety can result in __________ behaviors such as:

• Tension headaches

• Pain syndromes

• Stress-related responses (lower immunity)

Maladaptive

________ Anxiety helps the person focus to learn, solve problems, think, act, feel, and protect themself.

Motivates people

Mild

_______ anxiety:

feeling something is definitely wrong

nervousness/agitation

difficulty concentrating

able to be redirected

Moderate

________ anxiety:

• Trouble thinking and reasoning

• Tightened muscles

• Vital signs increase

• Restless, paces, irritable, angry

Severe

________ anxiety:

fight, flight, or freeze response; increased vital signs; enlarged pupils; cognitive processes focusing on defense

Severe

When working with anxious clients, first assess the persons ____________ b/c that determines what actions are likely to be effective

Anxiety level

Short-term anxiety (4-6 weeks) can be treated with ___________ medications. Most of which are benzodiazepines

Anxiolytic

_____ defense mechanism theory:

Cognitive distortions that a person uses unconsciously to maintain a sense of being in control of a situation, to lessen discomfort, and to deal with stress.

Freud

_______ viewed anxiety as being generated from problems in interpersonal relationships

• In adults from need to conform to norms, cultural group values

Sullivan

Identified the four levels of anxiety

Interpersonal therapeutic communication techniques

Peplau

Theory that views anxiety as being learned through experiences, people can unlearn

Behavioral

CBT

Making a more realistic appraisal of situation

(Thought-stopping & distraction techniques: splashing face w cold water, snapping rubber band on wrist, shouting)

Decatastrophizing

CBT

learn to negotiate interpersonal situations and foster self-assurance

“I” statements

Assertiveness training

The most common late-life anxiety disorders

Agoraphobia, gad

__________ are common in late-life depression and can take the form of obsessions, such as contamination fears, pathological doubt, or fear of harming others

Ruminative thoughts

The treatment of choice for anxiety disorders in older adults is _________

SSRIs

Disorder diagnosed when recurrent, unexpected attacks followed by at least 1 month of concern/worry about future attacks

Panic disorder

T or F? Half of people with panic disorder have agoraphobia

T

__________ is the relief of anxiety achieved by performing the specific anxiety-driven behavior, such as staying in the house to avoid the anxiety of leaving a safe place

Primary gain

Treatment for Panic Disorder:

• ______

• Deep breathing, relaxation

• Medications: ___________, ssri antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, ________ such as clonidine and propranolol

CBT, benzodiazepines, antihypertensives

Scale used for anxiety

Hamilton

Tapping fingers, jingling keys, twisting hair is an example of

Automatisms

Mood and Affect of panic disorder

Depersonalization, derealization

Thought process and content during Panic attack

Disorganized

Sensorium and intellectual processes during panic attack

Confused, disoriented

Intense illogical persistent fear

Do not result form past negative experience

Phobia

Three categories of phobias

Agoraphobia, specific, social

Phobia treatment:

Behavioral therapy

alprazolam, buspirone, paroxetine, Sertraline

Phobia meds