EXAM 4: Chapter 15 The Nervous System IV: The Autonomic Division of the Nervous System (ANS)単語カード | Quizlet

autonomic nervous system

Which nervous system division is the general visceral motor division of the PNS?

- regulates body temperature

- coordinates cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory and reproductive functions

What are the functions of the autonomic nervous system?

to maintain homeostasis

Why does the ANS operate at the subconscious level?

both have afferent and efferent neurons

but they differ in receptor and effector organ location

Compare and contrast the ANS and SNS

PREganglionic neuron

and

ganglionic neuron

What are the two types of neurons that are in the autonomic motor pathways?

preganglionic neuron

visceral motor neuron inside CNS but its axons, called preganglionic fibers synapses on the ganglionic neuron

ganglionic neuron

a neuron whose cell body is in an autonomic ganglion, which sends its axons, called postganglionic fibers to peripheral tissues and organs, such as cardiac and smooth muscles, adipose tissues and glands

postganglionic neuron

these neurons carry impulses away from the ganglion; their cell bodies are within ganglia

"rest and digest/rest and repose"

- craniosacral

- long preganglionic fibers and short postganglionic fibers

- synpases on terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia

What are the characteristics of the parasympathetic division?

terminal ganglia

ganglia located close to the effector organs

intramural ganglia

ganglia located within the tissues of effectors

"fight or flight"

- thoracolumbar

- short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers

What are the characteristics of the sympathetic division?

ACh

ALL PREganglionic terminals release what neurotransmitter?

plasmalemma receptors

What structure of the axon determines whether the response will be stimulatory or inhibitory?

Acetylcholine (ACh)

a neurotransmitter that is released by ALL parasympathetic POSTganglionic fibers and may be + or -

Norepinephrine (NE)

a neurotransmitter that is released by MOST sympathetic POSTganglionic fibers and are usually +

focuses on relaxation, food processing and energy absorption

pupil constriction

decreased heart rate

digestive tract activity

sexual arousal

What are the general functions of the parasympathetic divisions?

Cholinergic

Referring to cells that use acetylcholine as their synaptic transmitter.

ACh

All parasympathetic PREganglionic and POSTganglionic fibers release what?

CN III, VII, IX and X

Visceral motor nuclei of the parasympathetic division are associated with what cranial nerves?

parasympathetic nervous system

Which autonomic nervous system division have effects that are usually short-lived and restricted to specific target areas?

arrector pili, sweat glands, and smooth muscle of blood vessels

What are some of the structures that the sympathetic division supplies to that the parasympathetic does not?

adrenal glands/medulla

Which organ innervated by the PREganglionic sympathetic neurons, signal a release of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) into the blood?

medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, amygldala, and the cerebral cortex

Visceral motor functions are influenced by what structures of the brain?