Marine Bio Assessment #3 (copy)

Chordata (Phylum)

Dorsal Nerve Cord
Gill Slits
Notochord
Ex: Amphioxus, Salp, Tunicate, Larvacean

Amphioxus

P: Chordata
SubP: Cephalochordata
C: Leptocardii

Examples Vertebrata (SubPhylum)

Mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, fish

What do lizards have

earflaps and eyelids

What don't snakes have?

earflaps and eyelids

Reptilia (Class)

Cold Blooded
Internal fertilization (produces eggs)
Breath air via lungs
Order includes Squamata, Chelonia, Crocodilia

Squamata (Order)

Lizards, Snakes

Chelonia (Order)

Turtles
Sea turtles
Tortoises

Orocodilia (Order)

Crocodiles
Alligators
Caimen

Turtles

Webbing, semi aquatic, fresh water, attached to their shell

Sea turtles

Flippers, have a backbone

Tortoises

terrestrial, much longer life span, more of a dome shell

Crocodiles

Terrestrial
V-Shaped snout

Alligators

U-Shaped Snout
Webbed feet
Aquatic

Invertebrate (Noodle the pug)

No bones

Vertebrate

Bones
Cartilaginous

Pharyngeal (Gill) Slits (CHORDATES)

Series of openings between the pharynx and outside of chordate animals.

Notochord

Flexible, rod-like structire made of cartilage shown as dark-colored line inside model of simple marine animals

Notochord examples

Cnidaria, mollusks, porifera, platyhelminthes, arthropoda, chordata, analid, nematoda, echnomerte

Kingdoms made of eukaryotic cells

fungi, animalia, protista, plantae

Example of medusa

jellyfish

Example of a polyp

sea anemone

What makes coral unique?

Stinging cells

What are stinging cells called?

nematocytes

2 examples of magnoliophytas

mangroves and seagrass

What animals are composed only of cells?

Poriferas

Give an example of a porifera

Sponge

What are some phylums of protista?

Foraminifera, Rhodophyta, pyrrophyta, euglenophyta, chrysophyta, radiozoa, bacillia, haptophyota

Name what plants, animals, and fungi are in the ocean

Plants - producers
Animals - consumers
Fungi - decomposers

Classify Inkfish/Cephalopod

D: eukarya
K: animalia
P: mollusca
C: cephalopod

what is special about cephalopods?

they have jet propulsion and no shell

What is special about bivalvia?

they have muscular feet and 2 shelled

What is special about gastropoda

Radula - sawlike tongue and 1 shell

Example of Gastropoda

whelks, conch, abalone

Examples of cephalopods

Squid, octopods

Examples of bivalvia

clams, scallops, oysters

What is special about polyplacophora and an example?

Plated shell

Example is chitons

Name the 4 classes of mollusca

Bivalvia, Gastropoda, cephalopod, polyplacophora

3 examples of archaebacteria

Halophiles, methanogens, thermophiles

What are platyhimenthes?

Planaira

Prokaryotes

No nucleus

Eukaryotes

Yes nucleus

Phyla of animalia

cnidaria, porifera, Platyhelminthes

Classify cnidaria

D: eukarya
K: animalia
P: cnidaria

What does medusa look like

jellyfish

What does polyp look like

bumps growing from the inside going out

Examples of cnidaria

coral, sea anemone, jellyfish

What type of symmetry do cnidaria have?

radial symmetry

Classify Magnoliophyta

D: eukarya
K: plantae
P: magnoliophyta

Examples of magnoliophyta

Mangroves, sea grass

Haptophyta

coccolithophores

Dinoflagella or fire algae

Pyrophyta

Bacillariophyta

diatoms

Yellow/green algae

xanthophyta

Golden algae

chrysophyta

Euglena

Euglenophyta

Phyla for plants

magnoliophyta

Phyla of Sponge

porifera

Kingdom of sponge

Animalia

Phyla of coral

cnidaria

Phyla of shelled

mollusks

What mollusk has a plated shell

polyplacophora

Order of classification

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genius, Species

3 domains of life

Eubacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

What makes archaea unique?

They are found in extreme environments and are very old.

What are the 4 kingdoms of Eukarya?

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

What is a scientific name called?

binomial nomenclature

the study of underwater topography

bathymetry

3 bacteria shapes

cocci, bacilli, spirilla

Describes an organism that remains attached to a surface for its entire life and does not move. (coral)

Sessile

mobile

moving or able to move from place to place

2 examples of protists

amoeba, plankton

Euarcheota

phylum of archaea, includes methanogens

Monera

used to be the kingdom of bacteria, now split up

Crenarchaeota

One of the two major divisions of Archaea, containing sulfur thermophiles, live in hydrothermal vents

Halophiles

"salt-loving" archaea that live in environments that have very high salt concentrations

Methanogens

A group of archaebacteria that produce methane as a by product of their metabolism.

Korarchaeota

a phylum of Archaea

Thermoplasmata

Lives in extremely acidic environments.

nitrososphaerota

inhabits hot springs and acidic environments

Planktos

wanderer or drifter

What are drifting plankton called?

zooplankton

zooplankton

animal constituent of plankton; mainly small crustaceans and fish larvae

Some examples of zooplankton

Comb jellies, krill

What is Cilia?

short, numerous projections that look like hairs, they are used for movement. (only on eukaryotes)

What are pili?

short, hairlike protein structures on the surface of some bacteria

Phytoplankton

photosynthetic algae found near the surface of the ocean. Plant like.

How much of the biomass in the ocean is plankton

95%

What are the classifications of plankton

phyto- or zoo-, holo-(permanent) or mero-(temporary, ex. baby animal), microscopic or macroscopic.

What is seaweed?

multicellular algae- not a plant

Green algae

Chlorophyta; closely related to true plants.

Red algae

- majority are multicellular organism
- primarily live in warm tropical waters
- Rhodophyta

Brown algae

Phaeophyta, Kelp

forams

porous calcium carbonate shells (tests), unicellular in sand/sediment of water bodies

yellow-green algae

Xanthophyta, a group of algae that includes the diatoms, not seaweed

Euglena

Eulenophyta, Unicellular organism; moves using its flagella; asexual reproduction; have chloroplasts to absorb sunlight

Fire algae

Dinoflagella, pyrophyta, Emits a light similar to that of a firefly

Golden Algae

chrysophyta, use flagella, swim with plankton

Halptophyta

coccolithophores