Acquired Neurogenic/ Language Disorder

problems depend on location of (usually not traumatic) brain damage

aphasia

aphasia difficulties

expressing/ comprehending spoken language

reading

writing

spoken language problems with aphasia (5)

anomia

paraphasia

neologism

agrammatism

jargon 

problems naming things, objects, or people

anomia

“talk around” missing word

circumlocution

focus on one incorrect word 

perseverate, associated with anomia

word substitution

paraphasia

subbed word sounds (gat for cat)

phonemic paraphasia

subbing different word with simular meaning (glue for tape)

semantic paraphasia

use of words that could be a word but is not due to phonotactic constraints

neologism

omit grammer, telegraphic speech

agrammatism

fluent but meaningless language

jargon

routine use of certain expressions

sterotypical expressions

written language problems

agraphia

alexia

writing problems

agraphia

reading problems, problems recognizing printed words

alexia

aphasia types

fluent

non-fluent

relatively large number of words produced, generally word flow is normal

fluent aphasia

effortful, hesitant speech, telegraphic speech

non-fluent aphasia

impairment in language expression

broca’s aphasia

receptive language deficits

wernicke’s aphasia

language impairment (comprehension & expression) present to severe degree

global aphasia

non-fluent aphasia type

broca’s and global

location of lesion in global aphasia

most of left hemisphere

relatively good spoken language comprehension

broca’s aphasia

variable reading comprehension

broca’s aphasia

spoken characteristics are short, agrammatic sentances

broca’s aphasia

poor spoken language comprehension

wernicke’s area

impaired reading comprehension

wernicke’s area

spoken characteristics are semantic paraphrases and jargon

wernicke’s area

very poor spoken language comprehension

global aphasia

poor reading comprehension

global aphasia

spoken characteristics are limited spontaneous production

global aphasia

LPAA

life participation approach to aphasia

RHD

right hemisphere dysfunction

results from neurological damage to right cerebral hemisphere

right hemisphere dysfunction

cognitive-linguistic/ cognative-communication disorders

right hemisphere dysfunction

characteristics of RHD (4)

anosagnosia

unilateral neglect

prosopagnosia

flat affect

lack of awareness of cognitive-linguistic deficits and possible denial of problem areas

anosagnosia

lack of awareness of left side of body

unilateral neglect

difficulty recognizing faces

prosopagnosia

lack of emotional expression

flat affect associated with RHD

difficulty organizing thoughts, perspective talking, problems processing cues (mostly emotional)

cognitive communication disorder

inability to stop inappropriate behaviors 

disinhibition

increase functional abilities for everyday life by improving capacity to process info

cognitive rehab

repetitive activities to rebuild neural circuitry

restorative/ rehab approach to cognitive communication disorder

adresses impaitment

restorative/ rehab approach

develop alternatives, partner training, metacognitive awareness

compensatory approach to cognitvie communication disorder

acquired progressive neurological syndrome

dementia

what percent of population over 65 has some type of dementia?

15%

what areas decline from dementia? (5)

memory

judgment

personality 

language

abstract thinking

anomia, occasional disorientations, memory loss

mid/early stages of dementia

difficulty recalling names, severe communication problems, personality changes, loss of motor control (dysphagia)

later stages of dementia