New France and Its Government

A collection of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to New France, its government, and colonial struggles.

New France

A French colony in North America that was established for trade and settlement.

Intendant

An official in New France who managed the colony's administration and was responsible for the day-to-day governance.

Guerilla Warfare

A form of irregular warfare where small groups use ambushes and hit-and-run tactics to fight larger traditional armies.

HBC (Hudson's Bay Company)

A fur trading company formed by French traders Radisson and Groselliers that sought to control the fur trade in North America.

Royal Government

The system of governing a colony directly run by the monarchy, as seen in New France under King Louis XIV.

Sovereign Council

The governing body in New France, which included the Governor, Intendant, and Bishop.

Acadian Deportations

The forced removal of Acadian French settlers by the British from 1755 to 1762 due to their refusal to pledge loyalty.

Treaty of Utrecht

A 1713 agreement that ended conflict between France and Britain and ceded many territories, including Hudson Bay posts, to British control.

Coureurs de bois

French fur traders who traveled into the wilderness to trade with Indigenous peoples; means 'runners of the woods'.

Population Influence

The concept referring to the limited political power and rights of the inhabitants of New France, particularly women and non-landowners.

Louisbourg Fortress

A strategically important military fort built by France to control the Gulf of St. Lawrence and protect New France.

Iroquois Confederacy

A powerful alliance of Native American tribes that often allied with the British against the French in North America.

Rupert's Land

A vast territory granted to the Hudson's Bay Company by King Charles II for the purposes of fur trading.

Acadia

A French colony in North America that later came under British control as a result of the conflicts in the region.

Deportation of Acadians

The expulsion of Acadian French settlers from their lands, viewed as a threat to British authority during the colonial conflicts.

Indigenous Groups

The Original inhabitants of North America, including the Iroquois, Huron, and many others, who were often impacted severely by European colonization.