NREMT s/s of illnesses

S&S of Emphysema

Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, possible weight loss

S&S of Stroke

1-sided weakness, partial/complete loss of the ability to use words, headache/confusion, dizziness, impaired vision, ^BP, unequal pupils and seizures

S&S of Myocardial Infarction

Angina, Shortness of breath, dizzniess, feeling faint, nausea

S&S of Hyperglycemia

Chronic Thirst/Hunger, dehydration, ^urination, nausea

S&S of tuberculosis

fever, night sweats, loss of energy/appetite, weight loss

S&S Pulmonary Edema

dyspnea, pale/sweaty, hypertension,tachycardia, crackles/wheezing, low SPO2

S&S Pneumonia

fever/chills, green mucos, shortness of breath, (sharp/plueritic) chest pain, headache, crackling

Treatment of Pulmonary edema

High o2 and CPAP

Treatment of Pneumonia

o2 and transport

S&S Spontaneous Pneumothorax

tachycardia, low SPO2,cyanosis, wheezing, pain/swelling in 1 or both legs, >lung sounds in injured lung,shortness of breath

Treatment of Spontaneous Pneumothorax

May requires chest tube, o2, CPAP is contraindicated

S&S Pulmonary Embolism

chest pain, wheezing, pain/swelling in one or both legs, shortness of breath, cough/anxiety

S&S Epiglotitis

Sore throat/difficulty swallowing, stridor, tripod position, muffled voice

Treatment of Epiglotitis

Keep patient comfortable/calm, high o2, transport, do not inspect throat

S&S Cystic Fibrosis

fatigue, frequent pneumonia, coughing up blood/copious mucous, chills, abdominal pain/distention

Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis

Treat inadequate breathing and transport

Viral Respiratory Infection

infection of lungs, shortness of breath, coughing up yellow/green sputum, fever/chills

Congestive Heart Failure (COPD)

fever, cough (green/dark sputum), ^levels of CO2 in blood

Treatment of COPD

o2: nasal cannula

S&S of Appendicitis

Persistent RLQ Pain, pain in umbilical region, rupture of appendix: sudden severe pain

S&S Peritonitis

Abdominal pain and rigidity

S&S Chloecystitis

Sharp RUQ or epiglastic pain, pain in shoulder (females 30-50 age group)

S&S Pancreatitis

Epiglastic pain, pain in back or shoulder

S&S GI Bleeding

abnormal stool (dark black/maroon), vomiting "coffee grounds", slow loss of blood (chronic gastrointestinal hemorrage), blood from rectum

S&S Acute Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

pulsating mass, vomiting, tearing pain in back, inequality in pedal pulses

Treatment of AAA

Transport immediately

S&S Renal Colic

Severe cramping, pain in flank or back, vomiting, nausea

S&S Anemia

pale,fatigue,shortness of breath

S&S Sickle cell anemia

infection (fever), pain (chest), difficulty breathing, priapism, jaundice, stroke like symptoms

Side effects of Epipen

^heart rate, pallor/dizziness, chest pain, headache/anxiety, nausea, ^heart workload

S&S Inhaled poisons

dizziness, difficulty breathing, headache, nausea, cyanosis, AMS (altered mental status)

Treatment for inhaled poisons

high flow of o2, patient history, physical exam, vitals, transport. think of medical assessment skill

S&S Alcohol Abuse

Swaying/slurred speech, slow reaction time, poor condition

S&S Alcohol withdrawls

gross tremors, profuse sweating, seizures, hypertension, tachycardia

S&S Substance Abuse

Shaking, anxiety, hallucinations, ^pulse and breathing noises, confusion/irritability, nausea

Treatment for substance abuse

physical exam, look for track marks, transport ASAP

S&S Renal Failure

severe dehydration

Treatment of missed dialysis

ABC's, o2 w/NRB @15lpm, monitor, transport, supine/warm (treat for shock)

S&S hypoglycemia

AMS (altered mental status), drunken stupor, pale/sweaty, tachycardiaseizures

Causes: HYPOglycemia

>blood sugar, too much insulin, not enough food, overexterts (exercise)

Treatment: HYPOglycemia

Oral glucose and transport

S&S Aneurysm

Headache, blurred vision, pass out, comma/death may occur

Treatment: Aneurysm

diuretic medications that removes fluid from circulatory system

Congestive Heart Failure

tachycardia, dyspnea, ^blood pressure, diaphoresis, pulmonary edema, pedal edema, engorged pulsating neck veins, enlarged liver and spleen w/distention, anxiety/confusion due to hypoxia

SKIN allegic reaction

itching, hives, swelling, warm/tingling

RESPIRATORY allergic reaction

tightness in chest, cough, rapid breathing,labored and noisy breathing, hoarseness, stridor, wheezing

CARDIAC allergic reaction

^heart rate, >blood pressure

SHOCK w/allergic reaction

AMS (altered mental status), flush/dry/pale, cool/clammy, nausea/vomiting

Diverticulitis

inflamed and infected occurance; Small pouches in intestine wall fill with feces (over 40 age group)

S&S Diverticulitis

Nausea, vomiting, fever, weakness, and pain in the LLQ

Upper GI bleeding

due to ulcers

Lower GI bleeding

due to diverticulitis

Gastroeneritis

contaminated food/water; lead to hypovelmic shock/common in pediatrics

S&S Gastroenteritis

diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting

Hematemesis

vomiting blood

Hematochezia

Bloody stool

Esophageal Varices

weaking of the blood vessel lining of the esophagus; associated w/alcoholism

S&S of Esophagael Varices

Hematemesis (bright red), history of alcoholism/liver disease, s&s of hypovelmic shock

Ulcers

open wounds along the digestive tract (upper GI bleeding)

Abdominal Aoritc Aneurysm (AAA)

weakening of the wall of the Aorta; ruptures; rapid, fatal bleeding

S&S AAA

geriatric males,tearing back pain, pulsating abdominal mass, s&s of hypovelmic shock

Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID)

painful and requires treatment; nonemergency transport

S&S of PID

abdominal pain, fever, pain during urination, increase pain while walking.

S&S Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

abdominal pain, hematuria, painful/frequent urination

Kidney Stones

crystals formed in the kidneys that cause an obstruction in the urinary tract; males

Kidney Failure

kidneys are no longer able to function; water and toxins accumulate in the blood. dialysis needed.

Impaled object removal

it creates airway obstruction; object in chest preventing CPR

Placenta Previa

3rd trimester; placenta attatches to uterus over cervical opening

S&S of Placenta Previa

painless vaginal bleeding; shock symptoms

Abruptio Placenta

premature seperation on placenta to the uterine wall; oxygen/nutrient compromise; 3rd trimester

S&S of Abruptio Placenta

painful vaginal bleeding

Ectopic Pregnancy

implantion of egg outside of the uterus; ruptured uterus

S&S of Ectopic Pregnancy

severe abdominal pain w/or w/out vaginal bleeding (severe if bleeding)

Uterine Rupture

uterus thins w/growth; danger: mother&fetus;

S&S of Uterine Rupture

abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding

Preeclampsia

3rd trimester; sudden swelling in hands, feet, face/ headache; hypertension

Eclampsia

mother siezes after preeclampsia; life-threatning for both

Spontaneous Abortion

(miscarriage); delivery of the fetus before capability of survival; 20th-22nd wk

S&S of Spontaneous Abortion

cramping; lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue/clots

Supine Hypertensive Syndrome

fetus compresses the inferior vena cava

S&S Supine Hypertensive Syndrome

severe hypotension; dizziness; pale skin, altered LOC

Icteric

Yellow eyes

perseverate

repeating

echimosis

bruising w/discoloration

ETOH

Ethyl Alcohol

Necrosis

skin is dying

Emesis

vomiting

Edema

swelling

miosis

pen point pupils

sonorous respirations

snoring; partial upper airway obstruction

pediatric resuscitation tape

also called: broselow tape; used in peds; how much medication dosage used; based on how length: average weight;

pulmonary surfactant

surface active agent: secreted fluid by the alveolar cells: reduces surface tension of pulmonary fluids: contributes to the elasticity of the lung: prevents lung fillage h2o (infants)

meningitis: definition

inflammation of the protective covering of the brain and spinal cord

hemophilia

inability to clot (blood)

S&S of Meningitis

fever; stiff neck (nuchal rigidity); headache; vomiting; altered mental status