APWH UNIT 1 Part 1

Song Dynasty

A ruling dynasty in China known for its political innovations, technological advancements, economic prosperity, and cultural achievements.

Bureaucracy

A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Meritocracy

A system in which advancement is based on individual ability or achievement.

Civil Service Exam

An exam based on Confucian teachings that was used to select candidates for the state bureaucracy in imperial China.

Grand Canal

A man-made waterway in China that facilitated internal trade and transportation of goods.

Champa Rice

A fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from Champa, Vietnam, that allowed for two harvests in one growing season.

Gunpowder

A mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate used in fireworks and explosives, invented in China.

Silk Roads

Ancient trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures.

Confucianism

A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius that emphasizes morality, family values, and social harmony.

Foot binding

A practice in ancient China of binding women's feet to modify their shape, a symbol of beauty and social status.

Abbasid Caliphate

A dynasty of caliphs who ruled the Islamic world from Baghdad, known for their cultural achievements and contributions to science and philosophy.

House of Wisdom

A major intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age in Baghdad, where scholars from various cultures translated and preserved Greek and Roman texts.

Silk Roads

Ancient trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures.

Bhakti Movement

A Hindu movement that emphasized devotion and love for a personal god, seeking to break down the barriers of caste and promote equality.

Srivijaya Kingdom

A maritime kingdom in Southeast Asia known for its strong navy and control over sea routes.

Angkor Kingdom

A powerful empire in Southeast Asia known for its complex irrigation systems, architectural marvels, and religious diversity.

Global Tapestry

Refers to the interconnectedness of various regions and civilizations across the world, especially during the period from 1200 C.E. to 1450 C.E.

Song Dynasty

A Chinese dynasty that ruled from 960 to 1279 C.E., known for its advancements in technology, arts, and commerce.

Seljuks

A Turkish Sunni Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to the 14th century.

Mamluks

A military caste in Egypt that ruled from the 13th to the 16th century, known for their slave origin and military prowess.

Delhi Sultanate

A Muslim kingdom based in Delhi that ruled over large parts of the Indian subcontinent from the 13th to the 16th century.

Vijayanagara Empire

A South Indian empire that existed from the 14th to the 17th century, known for its cultural achievements and architectural marvels.

Mali Empire

A West African empire that thrived from the 13th to the 16th century, known for its wealth, trade, and the famous ruler Mansa Musa.

Inca Empire

A pre-Columbian civilization in South America that flourished in the Andes region from the 15th century until the Spanish conquest.

Champa Rice

A fast-maturing and drought-resistant rice variety from Vietnam that greatly increased agricultural productivity in East Asia.