psychology unit 5

Consciousness

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Hypnosis

A social interaction in which a person responds to suggestions

Posthypnotic Suggestion

A suggestion made during hypnosis to be carried out after

Dissociation

A split in consciousness allowing simultaneous thoughts and behaviors

Circadian Rhythm

A biological clock regulating regular body rhythms

REM Sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep with vivid dreams

Alpha Waves

Relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Sleep

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness

Hallucination

False sensory experiences without external stimulus

Delta Waves

Large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

NREM Sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, all stages except REM

Superchiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)

Cluster of cells in hypothalamus controlling circadian rhythm

Insomnia

Recurring problems in falling/staying asleep

Narcolepsy

Sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks

Sleep Apnea

Sleep disorder with temporary cessations of breathing

Night Terrors

Sleep disorder with high arousal and appearance of being terrified

Dream

Sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts during sleep

Manifest Content

The remembered story line of a dream

Latent Content

The underlying meaning of a dream

REM Rebound

Tendency for increased REM sleep following deprivation

Substance Use Disorder

Continued craving and use of substances despite disruption/risk

Psychoactive Drug

Chemical substance that alters perceptions/moods

Tolerance

Diminishing effect with repeated use of the same dose of a drug

Addiction

Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors

Withdrawal

Discomfort and distress after discontinuing an addictive drug/behavior

Depressants

Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and problematic use

Barbiturates

Drugs that depress CNS activity, reducing anxiety

Opiates

Opium and its derivatives, depress neural activity

Stimulants

Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

Amphetamines

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing energy and mood changes

Nicotine

Stimulating and highly addictive drug in tobacco

Cocaine

Powerful and addictive stimulant derived from the coca plant

Methamphetamine

Powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the CNS

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Synthetic stimulant with mild hallucinogenic effects

Hallucinogens

Psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images

LSD

Powerful hallucinogenic drug, also known as acid

Near Death Experience

Altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death

Marijuana

Cannabis with effects including mild hallucinations

William James

Believed in continuous 'Stream of Consciousness'

Ernest Hilgard

Believed hypnosis involves social influence and dual processing

Sigmund Freud

Viewed dreams as a psychic safety valve