Biology Facts Practice 2: Bacteria

Cholera, caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, is transmitted exclusively by __________________.

water

__________________spp. are the main bacteria causing kidney infections

Proteus

Most bioluminescent bacteria, such as _____________________ are marine forms, and are usually associated with fishes.

Photobacterium

MRSA is short Methicillin-Resistant _________________________ Aureus, which causes difficult to treat skin infections.

Staphylococcus

The "lab rat" of bacteria is

Escherichia coli

Some herbivorous mammals posses a rumen, a special stomach containing special bacteria such as _________________ spp. which aid in the digestion of cellulose.

Bacteriodes

Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena spp. contain _________________, specialized cells that convert nitrogen gas to a more usable form of nitrogen, such as nitrate.

Heterocysts

________________, can grow by oxidizing iron, and is most common in low pH environments.

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

Obligate anaerobes such as __________________ spp. use the oxygen in sulfate to carry out respiration.

Desulfovibrio

_________________ spp. convert ammonia to nitrate in the first step of nitrification.

Nitrosomonas

__________________ spp. are usually harmful to humans, causing diseases such as typhoid fever and gastroenteritis.

Salmonella

________________ spp. are common filamentous cyanobacteria, often mistaken for algae.

Oscillatoria

__________________bacteria have a multilayered cell wall, and as a general rule are a more pathogenic group of bacteria.

Gram-negative

__________________are also known as blue-green algae., often mistaken for algae.

Cyanobacteria

___________________ pestis causes the ancient disease known as bubonic plague.

Yersinia

Sulfur oxidizing bacteria such as __________________ spp. use reduced sulfur compounds like hydrogen sulfide as an energy source.

Thiobacillus

___________________bacteria have a cell wall consisting primarily of peptidoglycan, and stain purple.

Gram-positive

Chlamydia trachomatis infections are the leading cause of _______________ in humans.

Blindness

____________________bacteria such as purple and green bacteria can only grow in anaerobic conditions.

Phototrophic

______________________ is a hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, obtaining energy from converting hydrogen gas to water.

Hydrogenobacter

Denitrification occurs under anaerobic conditions by ________________ spp., which convert nitrate to nitrogen gas.

Pseudomonas (Fact 1)

In humans, the lining of a healthy stomach is colonized by bacteria of the genus___________________.

Lactobacillus

___________ spp. are organotrophic aerobes, and the most common bacteria found in soil

Pseudomonas (Fact 2)

Streptococcus___________________is the leading cause of strep throat.

pyogenes

___________________spp. convert nitrite to nitrate in the second step of nitrification.

Nitrobacter