Studied by 4 people
APES 2024
Theory of demographic transition
The theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to industrialization and increased affluence it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth
Developed country
A country with relatively high levels of industrialization and income
Developing country
A country with relatively low levels of industrialization and income
Developing countries usually have
Higher infant mortality rates and more children in the workforce than developed countries
Affluence
The state of having plentiful wealth including the possession of money, goods, or property
Phase 1: Pre-Industrial
slow population growth because high birth rates and high death rates offset each other
Phase 2: Industrializing
rapid population growth because birth rates
remain high but death rates decline because of better sanitation, clean drinking water, availability of food and health care
Phase 3: Industrialized
stable population growth as the economy and
educational system improve and people have fewer children
Phase 4: Post-Industrial
Declining population growth because the relatively high level of affluence and economic development encourage women to delay having children
IPAT equation
An equation used to estimate the impact of the
human lifestyle on the environment: impact = population × affluence × technology (sometimes x sensitivity as well)
A country’s affluence often corresponds with
with its resource use and level of impact
Gross domestic product (GDP)
A measure of the value of all products and services produced in one year in one country
Note
Flashcard