VCE PE UNIT 2 EXAM CONTENT

What is structured physical activity?

Planned physical activity with a certain goal in mind, e/g to improve fitness

What is incidental PA?

Physical activity that occurs as a result of everyday activities - e.g active transport such as walking up stairs

What is inactivity?

Not engaging in any regular physical activity besides lifestyle activities

What is sedentary behaviour?

Time spent each day sitting or lying down

Define frequency and give an example

How often a person engages in physical activity within a certain time period, e.g doing sport 4 times a week.

What is Intensity?

How much effort is required to perform a task e.g going for a run is more intense than going for a walk.

What is time?

Duration of a particular bout of physical activity e.g swimming for an hour compared to swimming for 10 minutes.

What is type?

The sort of physical activity that is being done, e/g running, walking, cycling ect.

What is the household domain?

Any activity that occurs within the home/house e.g washing, cleaning

What is the active transport domain?

Any form of human powered transport used to get to/from specific destinations.

What is the leisure-time domain?

Activity that occurs outside of working hours, e.g going for a walk.

What is the occupational domain?

Activity that occurs within the workplace, e.g lifting boxes.

Name three PHYSICAL benefits of PA

Improved strength, improved cardiovascular function, less body fat, greater bone density.

Name three SOCIAL benefits of PA

Decreased social isolation, improved quality of life, improved self esteem.

Name three MENTAL/EMOTIONAl benefits of PA

Decreased anxiety and depression symptoms, improved sleep, increased endorphins.

NAME and EXPLAIN three consequences of inactivity.

Becoming overweight/obese (BMI of over 25). Medical complications = increased risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, etc.

Type 2 diabetes = disease that results from too much sugar in the blood because the body doesn't produce or properly use insulin. Vigorous physical activity has a protective effect against developing this.

High cholesterol levels = when too much LDL (a fatty substance) builds up on the walls of the arteries, increasing risk of heart disease.

What are the PA guidelines for adults (+ STRENGTH)

Adults = complete at least 150 minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity over 5 sessions for the week. Do muscle strengthening activities on at least 2 days each week.

What are the PA guidelines for young people (+ STRENGTH)

Young people = complete at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day for the week, doing strengthening activities on at least three days each week.

What are diaries/logs + advantages and disadvantages

Detailed information completed each day about an individual's PA behaviour.

Advantages - suited to individuals, administered easily, cheap.

Disadvantages - not reliable due to social desirability bias, misinterpretation or difficulty remembering.

What are Recall Surveys?

Surveys completed by the individual (or proxy) relating to how much PA they have done in the past week, month or year.

Advantages = Easily administered to large populations, cheap, collects qualitative and quantitative data, assesses PA in multiple domains.

Disadvantages = social desirability bias, misinterpretation or difficulty remembering.

What are accelerometers + advantages/disadvantages.

Accelerometers are small lightweight devices commonly worn on the wrist that measure PA in different directions.

Advantages = captures very accurate data, small and lightweight.

Disadvantages = expensive, can't be worn underwater.

What are pedometers + advantages and disadvantages.

Pedometers are small devices worn on the hip that measure the number of steps a person has taken within a certain time period.

Advantages = cheap, easy to use

Disadvantages = doesn't differentiate between domains of physical activity - only measures walking/running type activities.

What is direct observation + advantages/disadvantages

Direct observation = involves watching an individual with the purpose of collecting data relating to their PA levels in a certain area.

Advantages = collects very accurate data relating to dimensions of physical activity, can be used in a variety of settings.

Disadvantages = time and labour intensive, expensive, must occur within a certain area.

What are the four influences on physical activity?

Individual, cultural, social and environmental

What is the individual level of the social-ecological model?

Characteristics such as attitude, behaviour, self-efficacy, confidence, knowledge, independence.

What is the social level of the social-ecological model?

Formal and informal social climate and support networks surrounding an individual. E.g friends, family, teachers, community etc.

What is the physical environment level of the social-ecological model?

Consists of natural and man-made, has a huge role in influencing physical activity behaviour.

What is the policy level of the social-ecological model?

Rules, regulations, laws, incentives put in play relating to PA behaviour.

What are the four settings for the settings based approach?

School, community, workplace, home

What is the school settings based approach?

SCHOOL - active children lead to active adults

INDIVIDUAL - compass, SOCIAL - school sport, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT - posters, POLICY - 100minutes mandatory PE

What is the community setting based approach?

COMMUNITY - Groups of people from the same area can be active together.

INDIVIDUAL - Reminders, SOCIAL - community exercise programs, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT - Public gyms, POLICY - gym membership trials

What is the workplace setting based approach?

WORKPLACE - Large number of adults in the same area

INDIVIDUAL - Reminders, SOCIAL - exercise with colleagues, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT - Posters, POLICY - Pay workers more if they use a gym

What is the home settings based approach?

HOME - People spend man hours indoors, parents act as role models.

INDIVIDUAL - Reminders, SOCIAL - Invite friends over, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT - Posters, POLICY - Household rules/chores

WHAT IS THE KEY ROLE MASS MEDIA PLAYS IN PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY? (still fill this out)

What was my contemporary issue?

Aggressive parents on the sidelines of sport - impacts levels of physical activity in children, causing them to quit sport and become embarrassed.

What is a program/initiative you have researched that aims at increasing the physical activity levels of the people influenced by your issue. State the effectiveness of this program/initiative and examples to show that it meets/doesn't meet each level of the social-ecological model.