Urinate Sis! Pt 1

5 functions of uri sys

1. excrete nitrogenous waste

2. regulate chem comp of blood

3. make renin & erythropoietin

4. activate vit D

5. Gluconeogenesis

Where are kidneys

Retroperitoneal

(in the back body wall behind peritoneal)

What are the 3 kidney supportive tissue layers?

• Renal Fascia

• Renal Capsule

• Adipose Capsule

3 main regions of kidney

• Renal Cortex

• Renal Medulla

• Renal Pelvis

Structural unit of kidneys & how many?

Nephrons

• over 1 million per kidney

Where does blood filtration occur & what makes them up?

Renal Corpuscle

• made up of glomerulus capillaries

Where is filtrate processed to form urine?

Renal Tubules

What are the 3 parts of Renal Tubules?

• PCT (proximal conv tubule)

• DCT (distal conv tubule)

• Loop of Henle

What are the 2 kinds of Nephrons?

• Cortical Nephrons

• Juxtamedullary Nephrons

Cortical Nephrons

• % of all nephrons

• most where?

• have __ loops of Henle

• 85% of all nephrons’

• most in cortex

• have Short Loops of Henle

Juxtamedullary Nephrons

• % of all nephrons

• most where?

• have __ loops of Henle

• 15% of all nephrons

• most border cortex & medulla

• have long Loops of Henle

What are the 2 nephron capillary beds

• with what do they exchange

  • for what?

• Glomerulus- echanges w Bowman’s cap

  • for filtration!

• Peritubular Capillaries- echanges w Renal Tubules

  • for reabsorb & secretion!

• What are the Vasa Recta

  • With what do they exchange

• they are peritubular capillaries

  • exchange with Long Loops of Henle

Flow Order of Blood (4)

1. Afferent Arteriole (blood toward glomerulus)

2. Glomerulus (1st bed)

3. Efferent Arteriole (blood away glomerulus)

4. Peritubular Capillaries (2nd bed)

What is filtrate?

plasma without proteins

Where is Filtrate Formed?

In the Bowman’s Capsule

Filtrate fills ___ and flows thru ___ ?

• Fluid fills Bowman’s Capsule

• & flows thru Renal Tubules

Flow order of Filtrate (5)

1. PCT

2. Descending Limb (Loop of Henle’s)

3. Ascending Limb of (Loop of Henle’s)

4. DCT

5. Collecting Ducts

Urine is ___ in the ___

fluid in the renal pelvis

Rates Blood flows thru kidneys

• Blood: 1200 ml/min

Glomerular FIltration Rate (GFR) #

GFR: 120 ml/min

Urine Formation Rate

UFR: 1.2 ml/min

3 steps to urine production

1. Glomerular Filtration

2. Tubular Reabsorption

3. Tubular Secretion

   *1 makes filtrate, 2 & 3 adjust its chem comp