Studied by 9 people
Abrasion
________- the grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.
Runoff
________- water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground.
Bedrock
________- rock that makes up Earths crust; also the solid rock layer beneath the soil.
Sediment
________- small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or the remains of organisms; earth materials deposited by erosion.
Fault
________- a break in Earths crust along which rocks move.
Loam
________- rich, fertile soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt.
Compression
________- Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
Permeable
________- characteristic of a material that contains connectef air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily.
Pangaea
________- the name of the single landmass that began to break apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to todays continents.
Tension
________- Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle.
Oxidation
________- a chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust.
Seismograph
________- A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth.
Period
________- one of the units of geologic time into which geologists divide eras.
Plate
________- a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust.
Deposition
________- process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
Fossil
________- the reserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past.
Soil
________- the lose, weathered material on Earths surface in which plants can grow.
Humus
________- dark- colored organic material in soil.
Epicenter
________- The point on Earths surface directly above an earthquakes focus.
Era
________- one of the three long units of geologic time between Precambrian and the present.
Focus
________- The point beneath Earths surface where rock first breaks under stress and causes an earthquake.
Earthquake
________- The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earths surface.
Surface
________ wave- A type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach Earths surface.
Geologic time
________ scale- a record of the geologic events and life forms in Earths history.
Pangaea
the name of the single landmass that began to break apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to todays continents
Fossil
the reserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
Plate
a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust
Compression
Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
Earthquake
The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earths surface
Epicenter
The point on Earths surface directly above an earthquakes focus
Focus
The point beneath Earths surface where rock first breaks under stress and causes an earthquake
P wave
A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground
S wave
A type of seismic wave in which the shaking is perpendicular to the direction of the wave
Seismograph
A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth
Shearing
Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement
Stress
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
Surface wave
A type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach Earths surface
Tension
Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
Abrasion
the grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind
Bedrock
rock that makes up Earths crust; also the solid rock layer beneath the soil
Erosion
the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil
Humus
dark-colored organic material in soil
Loam
rich, fertile soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt
Oxidation
a chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust
Permeable
characteristic of a material that contains connected air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily
Soil
the lose, weathered material on Earths surface in which plants can grow
Weathering
the chemical and mechanical processes that break down rock and other substances
Deposition
process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
Erosion
the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil
Runoff
water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
Sediment
small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or the remains of organisms; earth materials deposited by erosion
Geologic time scale
a record of the geologic events and life forms in Earths history
Era
one of the three long units of geologic time between Precambrian and the present
Period
one of the units of geologic time into which geologists divide eras
Note 
Flashcard (51)