Chemistry Solutions and Mixtures

Flashcards covering key concepts related to chemistry solutions and mixtures.

A __ is a substance that has dissolved in a liquid and is transparent.

solution

A __ is a mixture of a solid and liquid where the solid sinks to the bottom and can be filtered.

suspension

In a __, the mixture of a solid, liquid, or gas does not settle and cannot be filtered, like milk.

colloid

A __ mixture allows for filtration and contains particles much larger than the liquid.

heterogeneous

A __ mixture cannot be filtered and is uniform throughout, like air.

homogeneous

The __ is the liquid that does the dissolving in a solution.

solvent

The __ is a solid that dissolves in a solution.

solute

__ solutions are made with a liquid and a gas.

gaseous

__ is the maximum amount of solid that can dissolve in a liquid.

solubility

A __ solution contains a large amount of solute.

concentrated

A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute is called __.

saturated

For filtration, you need filter paper, a funnel, and a __ to contain the mixture.

beaker

The __ refers to the material remaining after filtration.

residue

What is the difference between a solute and a solvent in a solution?

A solute is the substance that dissolves, while a solvent is the liquid that does the dissolving.

How does temperature affect solubility?

Generally, solubility increases with temperature for solids in liquids, but decreases for gases in liquids.

What is the particle size range for colloids compared to solutions and suspensions?

Colloids have particle sizes between 1 nm and 1000 nm; solutions have particles smaller than 1 nm, and suspensions have larger particles.

What role do surfactants play in emulsions, and how does this relate to homogeneity?

Surfactants reduce surface tension and help stabilize emulsions, contributing to a uniform mixture, which can appear homogeneous.

What is the effect of pressure on gas solubility in liquids?

Increased pressure increases gas solubility in liquids, as described by Henry

What are surfactants?

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension between two substances, such as liquid and solid or liquid and gas, and are often used to stabilize emulsions.

What are emulsions?

Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids where one liquid is dispersed in the other, requiring surfactants for stabilization.