13 Colonies & Slavery
Studied by 0 people
Call with Kai
Knowt Play
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards1/105
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
106 Terms
Who founded the Plymouth Colony seeking religious freedom?
The Pilgrims (Separatists)
What was the first self-government agreement in Plymouth Colony?
Mayflower Compact
What infamous trial reflected religious fears and hysteria in Massachusetts?
Salem Witch Trials
Why were the Salem Witch Trials significant?
Showed the dangers of religious extremism and mass hysteria
What was the first permanent English settlement in America?
Jamestown
Why was Jamestown important?
It was the first successful English colony and established representative government
What was the first elected assembly in the colonies?
Virginia House of Burgesses
Why was the House of Burgesses important?
It was the first example of representative government in America
Who was involved in the Zenger Trial that led to freedom of the press?
John Peter Zenger
What was the significance of the Zenger Trial?
Established freedom of the press and influenced American democracy
Long, cold winters, rocky soil, short growing season
New England Colonies
Jagged coastline, hills, mountains, valleys, forests
New England Colonies
Deep harbors and abundant timber supported shipbuilding
New England Colonies
Mainly Puritan and Separatist Christians, religion influenced laws and education
New England Colonies
The Great Awakening revived religious fervor
New England Colonies
Dissenters like Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson founded Rhode Island for religious tolerance
New England Colonies
Mayflower Compact (1620) was an early self-government agreement
New England Colonies
First public schools and Harvard College founded in 1636
New England Colonies
Salem Witch Trials reflected religious influence
New England Colonies
Town meetings were early examples of direct democracy
New England Colonies
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was one of the first written constitutions
New England Colonies
Fishing, whaling, shipbuilding, trade, and lumber were major industries
New England Colonies
Triangular Trade included rum, enslaved people, and sugar
New England Colonies
Subsistence farming and small-scale crafts like blacksmithing and tailoring
New England Colonies
Strict religious communities with strong family values
New England Colonies
Education was highly valued so children could read the Bible
New England Colonies
Towns were organized around the church and commons, everyone worked including children
New England Colonies
Who founded the Plymouth Colony seeking religious freedom?
The Pilgrims (Separatists)
What was the first self-government agreement in Plymouth Colony?
Mayflower Compact
Who were expelled from Massachusetts and founded Rhode Island for religious tolerance?
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson
What industries were most important in New England?
Shipbuilding, fishing, whaling, trade, and lumber
Where were towns often built around a church and common area?
New England Colonies
Why did people settle in New England?
For religious freedom and a chance to build a “city upon a hill”
Which colony had long, cold winters and rocky soil?
New England Colonies
Which colonies were built along jagged coastlines and forests suitable for shipbuilding?
New England Colonies
What infamous trial reflected religious fears and hysteria in Massachusetts?
Salem Witch Trials
Why were the Salem Witch Trials significant?
Showed the dangers of religious extremism and mass hysteria
Fertile soil and moderate climate supported large farms
Middle Colonies
Rolling hills, coastal plains, rivers (Hudson, Delaware), Appalachian Mountains to the west
Middle Colonies
Known as “Breadbasket Colonies” for grain production
Middle Colonies
Religious tolerance and diversity: Quakers, Catholics, Jews, Lutherans, Presbyterians
Middle Colonies
Quakers believed in equality, pacifism, and opposed slavery
Middle Colonies
“Holy Experiment” in Pennsylvania: freedom of religion and fair government
Middle Colonies
Zenger Trial established freedom of the press
Middle Colonies
William Penn’s “Charter of Liberties” and “Frame of Government”
Middle Colonies
Philadelphia and New York became trade and cultural centers
Middle Colonies
Self-governing with representative assemblies
Middle Colonies
Only educated men could vote, influenced by English Bill of Rights
Middle Colonies
New Jersey once had two separate governments
Middle Colonies
Surplus farming: wheat, barley, rye, fruits, and vegetables
Middle Colonies
Gristmills, lumber mills, shipbuilding, logging, fur trading
Middle Colonies
Philadelphia and New York became industrial and trading hubs
Middle Colonies
Most diverse colonies with English, Dutch, German, and Swedish settlers
Middle Colonies
Women could run businesses and own property but couldn’t vote
Middle Colonies
Children helped with farm work and trades; Quakers established schools
Middle Colonies
Who founded Pennsylvania as a “Holy Experiment”?
William Penn and the Quakers
Who was involved in the Zenger Trial that led to freedom of the press?
John Peter Zenger
What was the significance of the Zenger Trial?
Established freedom of the press and influenced American democracy
What nickname was given to the Middle Colonies for grain production?
“Breadbasket Colonies”
Where did port cities grow into major trade centers in the Middle Colonies?
Hudson and Delaware Rivers
Why were the Middle Colonies so diverse?
They welcomed settlers of many ethnicities and religions
Which colonies were known as the “Breadbasket Colonies”?
Middle Colonies
Which colonies had the most religious tolerance?
Middle Colonies
Hot, humid climate with long growing seasons and fertile soil
Southern Colonies
Coastal plains (Tidewater), rivers, swamps, and forests
Southern Colonies
Deep ports supported trade and shipping
Southern Colonies
Predominantly Anglican and Protestant
Southern Colonies
Maryland founded as a refuge for Catholics (Act of Toleration)
Southern Colonies
Religion less central to daily life and government than in New England
Southern Colonies
Virginia House of Burgesses — first elected assembly
Southern Colonies
Mason-Dixon Line established colony boundaries
Southern Colonies
Margaret Brent first woman to demand voting rights and sue a government
Southern Colonies
Mostly royal colonies with governors appointed by the king
Southern Colonies
Representative assemblies existed but controlled by wealthy landowners
Southern Colonies
Slave codes institutionalized racial slavery
Southern Colonies
Plantation-based economy with cash crops: tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
Southern Colonies
Enslaved Africans formed the backbone of the labor force
Southern Colonies
Lumber, fishing, and iron production also existed
Southern Colonies
Rigid hierarchy: wealthy planters → small farmers → poor whites → enslaved Africans
Southern Colonies
Plantation life was isolated, children educated privately; enslaved children were denied education
Southern Colonies
Enslaved people developed cultural traditions blending African and American influences
Southern Colonies
Who were the wealthy elite controlling Southern politics and plantations?
Plantation owners
Who founded Maryland as a refuge for Catholics?
Lord Baltimore (Cecil Calvert)
What cash crops were grown in the Southern Colonies?
Tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
Where were most plantations located in the Southern Colonies?
Coastal plains and river valleys (Tidewater region)
Why did Southern plantation owners rely on enslaved labor?
Cash crops required a large, cheap labor force
Which colonies relied on cash crops like tobacco, rice, and cotton?
Southern Colonies
Which colonies had the largest enslaved populations?
Southern Colonies
What was the first permanent English settlement in America?
Jamestown
Why was Jamestown important?
It was the first successful English colony and established representative government
Who were enslaved in the American colonies?
Mostly Africans captured or sold into slavery
Who benefited most from slavery in the South?
Wealthy plantation owners
Who resisted slavery?
Enslaved people (through rebellion, escape, or cultural preservation) and abolitionists
What types of work did enslaved people do?
Plantation labor, livestock care, skilled trades like blacksmithing, cooking, and carpentry
What was the Middle Passage?
The journey enslaved Africans were forced to take across the Atlantic
What were slave codes?
Laws restricting enslaved people’s freedom and controlling behavior
Where was slavery most common and why?
Southern Colonies, because of labor-intensive plantations
Where did enslaved Africans come from before reaching the colonies?
Africa, sometimes via the Caribbean or South America
Note 
Flashcards (44)