lipids questions

why do we need lipids in our bodies

major energy storage system - extram energy gets converted to fat

it is also used to cushion organs and bones, insulate, make cell membranes, make hormones and vitamins that help in biological processes

needed to maintain health skin, hair and nails

what elemtns make up a lipid molecule

h, o, c

what does hydrophobic mean

when a molecule lacks a polar group, making it insoluble in water

why are lipids hydrophobic

hydro carbons and non polar functional groups cause them to be hydrophobic

lack polar molecules

what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats

saturated fat raises both hdl and ldl, raising more ldl than hdl, causing the net effect to be negative, and has only single bonds

unsaturated fats rais hdl and lower ldl, and has one or more double bonds

which one is better for you, a fat or an oil? why?

an oil, because it is made up of unsaturated fats, whereas fats are made up of saturated fats, because they are solid

what similarities do plant oils and animal fats share?

both made of triglycerides and are insoluble in water

what is the difference between plant oils and animal fats?

oils are made up of mainly unsaturated fats, whereas fats are made up of saturated fats

why are plant oils liquid at room temp and aninal fats solid

differences in their structure, more specifically the absence of double bonds in saturated fats in the fatty acid chains

what makes up a phospholipid differnet from a triglyceride

they are different because of the presence of the phosphate group and the number of fatty acids

what is the chemical reaction called that builds a triglyceride? how many water molecules are lost?

dehydration syntehsis, removing three water molecules

what is the cheical reaction that breaks apart a triglyceride? how many water molecules are needed?

hydrolysis, where a water molecule is inserted and 3 water molecules are needed

what are phospholipids used for?

C - bilayers of cell membranes

E - emulsification, helps digest fats

L - lipid transport

L - lung function, preventing lung collapse

what is the function of cholesterol? 2 functions

constructing steriods as well as constructing cell membranes as well as other cellular functions

one characteristic of wax

hydrophobic, lessens the loss of water