Module 5: The lymphatic + Immune System

Up to page 5 of hubley's notes. Ill do the rest as I go

Pathogens

Infectious agents that cause harm to the body

What are the five categories of pathogens?

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, and multicellular parasites.

Two major functions of the lymphatic system?

1. Transport of fluid from the interstitial spaces to the bloodstream.

2. Assist the body in defense against foreign invaders, toxins, cancer cells, etc.

Lymphatic vessels

converge to form lymphatic trunks, and drain major body regions(head, arms, legs).

Lacteals

lymph capillaries found in the villi of the small intestine

What does lymphatic vessels converge to form?

lymphatic trunks

Lymphatic trunks

Drain major body regions, such as the head, the arms, the abdominal organs, and the legs.

What do the lymphatic trunks lead to?

One of two large lymphatic ducts

What does the right lymphatic duct drain to?

the right arm, the right side of the head, and the right side of the thorax.

What are the two main divisions of the immune system?

The innate/ non-specific immune system

The adaptive/ specific immune system

What does the non-specific immune system consist of? And what do they do?

barriers, cells, and chemicals. They help in defending the body against many different pathogens or harmful agents.

What is an example of a barrier in the non-specific immune system?

Skin and mucous membrane

What is an example of a cell in the non-specific immune system?

neutrophils and macrophages

What is an example of a chemical in the non-specific immune system?

complement and pyrogens

The specific immune system is conducted of primarily by what?

Lymphocytes

What are the different types of lymphocytes?

B lymphocyte( B cells)

T lymphocyte(T cells)

Natural Killer Cells

Where are B cells formed and developed?

In the bone marrow

Where are T cells formed and developed?

Formed in the bone marrow and developed in the thymus.

What does each mature B cell have on its surface and what is its purpose?

Receptor- They help bind to specific receptors

After B cells have been activated, and multiply what does it become?

Plasma cell

What is the function of a plasma cell?

Produces antibody molecules against their target

What are the different types of T cells?

Helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells,

Are natural killer cells part of the adaptive or innate immune system?

Innate immune system