Medication Administration 1

Medication

An approved therapeutic (pharmacologic) agent

Medication

Produces a local or systemic effect

Medication

used to treat, diagnose and prevention of a disease

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

enforces medication laws

State and Local Laws

control substances not regulated by federal government

Drug Enforcement Adminstration (DEA)

Enfoce federal drug laws

Controlled Substances Act (CSA)

States substances that has potential for illegal use must be placed on controlled substance list

Schedule 1

Highest potential for abuse

Schedule 2

High potential for abuse; accepted for medical use with strict restrictions

Schedule 3

Potential for abuse; medically accepted

schedule 4

Low potential for abuse; medically accepted

schedule 5

Lowest potential for abuse; medically accepted

Schedule 1

Heroin

Schedule 1

Ecstasy

Schedule 1

Marijuana

Schedule 2

Cocaine (Lidocaine)

Schedule 2

Oxycodone

Schedule 2

Codeine

Schedule 2

Morphine

Schedule 3

Tylenol with Codeine

Schedule 3

Vicodin

Schedule 3

Testosterone

Schedule 4

Valium

Schedule 4

Rohypnol

Schedule 4

Ambian

Schedule 4

Xanax

Schedule 5

Cough medication with Codeine

Schedule 5

Lyrica

Diagnostic

Helps determine the cause of health problems

Palliative

Provide relief from pain or symptoms related to a disorder

Prophylactic

Prevents the occurrence of a condition (Vaccinations)

Replacement

substance needed to maintain health

Therapeutic

Treats a disorder and cures it

Aerosol

sprayed and absorbed in moth and upper airway (nose)

Caplet

a solid dosage form for oral use

Capsule

A solid dosage shell containing medication for oral use

Enteric-coated tablet

a coated tablet that dissolves in the intestine

Extract

A concentrated combination of vegetable products and alcohol evaporated into a syrupy liquid, solid mass, or a power

Liniment

a preparation containing alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient applied to the skin

Lotion

A semi-liquid that protects, cools, and cleansed the skin

Ointment

A semi-solid preparation usually contains one or more medication

Paste

Thicker than ointment, absorbed slower through the skin

Solution

A sterile liquid preparation that contains water with one or more dissolved compounds used paternally (with needle)

Suppository

A solid dosage mixed with gelatin shaped in a pellet for insertion into a body cavity (rectum or vagina)

Suspension

Divided drug particles in a liquid, particles settle to bottom, commonly given orally

Sustained Release

coated medication requiring time to dissolve

Syrup

Medication in concentrated sugar solution

Tablet

A powdered dosage compressed into hard disks containing, binders(adhesive), disintegrators (promote dissolution), lubricants, filler (for size)

Tincture

An alcoholic preparation of a soluble drug or chemical substance

Transdermal disk/patch

A medicated skin or patch absorbed through the skin skin over a long period of time

Troche

cough drops (Lozenge) A float/round dosage containing medication/ flavoring,sugar, and mucilage

Route of Administration

each route has different absorption rate (oral slowest, intravenously (IV) fastest)

Ability of medication to dissolve

Body absorbs medication faster in liquid state than tablet or capsule

Blood flow to the administration site

the richer the blood supply the faster the absorption

Pediatric factor

differences in size, age, weight, surface area, and immature organs

Geriatric factor

May suffer from chronic illnesses, Slower metabolism

Oral (PO)

By mouth

Buccal

Cheeks mucous membrances

Subcutaneous (Sub Q)

injection of medication into adipose (fatty) tissue

Intramuscular (IM)

Injection of medication into the muscle (faster absorption than oral and SubQ)

Intravenous (IV)

Injection of medication into vein

Sublingual (SL)

Medication dissolved under the tongue

Instillation

Drops or and ointment in the eyes, nasal, and ear cavities

Inhalation

Inhaled Medication

Rectal (PR)

Medication rapidly absorbed into the rectal mucous

Topical

Medication applied to the surface of the skin

Vaginal

Medication placed into the vaginal canal (body temp melts medication)