Unit 1 Matter

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Particles in all forms are in constant motion: vibrating, sliding, or flying around. The increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy and changes the state of matter.

Solid

Vibrating particles

Fixed shape

Fixed volume

Tightly packed

Liquid

Slide past each other

No fixed shape

Fixed volume

Close together

Gas

Move freely, far apart

No fixed shape

No fixed volume

Fast

Plasma

Ionized gas

No fixed shape

No fixed volume

Very fast

Physical properties

Temperature

State of matter

Color

Hardness

Texture

Odor

Mass

Volume

Physical properties

Conductivity

Luster

Malleability

Melting/ boiling point

Density

Density

Objects with a higher density will sink, and lower density with float

Mass/Volume

Chemical properties

Reactivity

Combustibility

Flammability

Acidity/basicity

pH Scale

Anything under 7 is acidic and over 7 is basic. 7 is neutral

Gas to liquid

Condensation

Solid to gas

Sublimation

Gas to solid

Deposition