Chapter 8 Social Psychology

What contributes to the fact that people in small, less densely populated cities are more likely to help?

bystanders are friends or people who share a group identity

Which theories of altruism provide a coherent scheme for summarizing a variety of observations?

Social norms, social exchange, and evolutionary

The mood enhancing effects of altruism appear to be the result of?

socialization

Lydia lives in Toronto and constantly sees homeless people but often doesn't help anyone, anymore, as there are just too many people that need help. Lydia is most likely experiencing?

Compassion fatigue and sensory overload

Devon and Yvonne are from England, James is from France and Tikh is from India. Who is most likely to support and act on the social norm of social responsibility?

Tikh

People who live in _____ are least likely to relay a phone message, mail lost letters, cooperate with survey interviewers, do small favours, or help a lost child?

big cities

A woman rushing in front of a speeding car to pull a child away. According to Skinner's analysis of altruism, what actions would make her actions not altruistic?

Being related to the child

In a study by Dunn, students were given a sum of money and told to spend it on themselves, on others, or make a charitable donation. Which group would have the lowest level of happiness?

The group that spent the money on themselves

Bystanders are most likely to offer help when?

they are alone

Research looking at donating money has found that?

giving money activates brain areas associated with reward

Charity asking for $100 dollars than changing to $10 when told no, are using the?

door-in-the face

Darley and Batson had seminary students think about a talk they were about to have recorded in an adjacent building. Participants who had been _________ were most likely to stop and offer help while en route

given extra time to reach the adjacent building

Melissa sometimes fears that she will be assaulted while she is out alone at night. She makes a small joke and a smile with two female strangers while they are all waiting for the elevator. Melissa may realize that?

even trivial warm contact with a stranger increases the likelihood that a stranger will offer help if needed

A major weakness of the social exchange theory is that it?

easily degenerates into explaining by naming

Researchers studying helping behaviour agree that?

some helpful acts are induced by empathy

The vicarious experience of another feeling is?

empathy

The act of helping someone unconditionally defines

altruism

research has shown that most primates will refuse to operate a device that gains them food, if it would cause another monkey to receive an electric shock. This is an example of?

empathy

Moira just won $4000. Which of the following options would be associated with the greatest feelings of happiness and internal reward for Moria?

Buying her mother a new bed because she knows how badly she needs one.

Sociologist Alvin Gouldner haas contended that the reciprocity norm

is as universal as the incest taboo